Once again about paying for thermal energy for heating hot water. In the wake of case A41-32043/2018

A two-component tariff for hot water supply was introduced in 2012 as a differentiated version of a fixed single-component tariff covering all housing and utility services.

The reason was Resolution No. 1149 of November 8, 2012 of the Government of the Russian Federation. As a result, tariffs for supplying consumers with heated water were divided into two components, one of which was the price of the used water coolant, the second was the price of thermal energy for heating.

It is important to know! Both prices were set by energy workers and utility service providers. Since they were monopolists in their regions, the new scheme gave them the opportunity to include all other costs, including those of a non-production nature, in the total cost of heat supply. Practice has shown that the absence of legislative restrictions on the part of the Federal Center entails a sharp increase in prices for hot water for the population and organizations.

The lawlessness in the field of housing and communal services was put to an end by Government-approved Resolution No. 129 of 02/14/2015. In order to avoid increasingly frequent litigation between citizens and water supply service providers, it made it obligatory for municipal authorities to determine monthly standards for cold water consumption per person and the amount of energy for its standard heating.

What do the new rules give to the consumer of utility services?

Changes in legislation provide for strict regulation of the tariff approach for paying for hot water supply according to a two-component scheme. When providing any services to a consumer, the provider must follow certain guidelines established by authorized federal structures.

The rate of energy costs for utilities is established by state structures authorized to control two-component prices for hot water supply, taking into account:

type of circuit of the heated water supply system inside a private or apartment building (closed or open);
the house is equipped with insulated and non-insulated risers;
the presence of heated towel rails on the risers.

Such detailed structuring of technical attributes allows utilities and regulatory authorities to more accurately determine the amount of thermal energy (TE) required to heat cold water to the temperature required by GOST standards.

It is important to know! Resolution No. 129 explains what a hot and cold water component is. Essentially, these are two different factors that make up the total price of the service. The first includes the amount of cold water consumption for heating (the readings of the meter (home meter) are recorded). The second is the rate of thermal energy consumption. Its value is calculated for heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.

The component for cold water, intended for processing into hot water, is fundamental when calculating payment for services. The amount of payment for supplying a facility with hot water is calculated based on prices:

component for cold coolant pumped into the heating circuit;
component for thermal energy, which is spent on heating cold water to the GOST standard.

The two-component hot water tariff was approved in Resolution No. 129. After January 1, 2021, it becomes mandatory for public utilities throughout Russia. Any deviation of tariffs from established standards by region entails administrative prosecution. In this case, the judicial perspective will always be on the side of housing and communal services consumers.

Two-part tariff for hot water 2021

Article posted date: 10/03/2015

General provisions on tariffs and standards in the field of hot water supply

When analyzing issues of pricing and establishing consumption standards, it is necessary to take into account that relations in the field of hot water supply, in particular those carried out using closed water supply systems, are regulated by the Federal Law of December 7, 2011 N 416-FZ On Water Supply and Sanitation (hereinafter referred to as Law N 416- Federal Law), and relations in the field of hot water supply carried out using open heat supply systems (hot water supply) - Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ “On Heat Supply” (hereinafter referred to as Law N 190-FZ).

Reference. In an open hot water supply system, hot water is taken from the heating network; in a closed system, water is heated without taking hot water from the heating network using a central heating point (clause 19.1, article 2 of Law N 190-FZ, clause 27, article 2 Law N 416-FZ).

According to clause 3 of the Rules for Establishing Standards, consumption standards are approved by government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation authorized to do so in the manner prescribed by the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The standards are applied for settlements with the population and regional settlements in the event that the apartment building does not have the necessary metering devices for utility resources. When determining utility consumption standards for hot water supply, authorized bodies take into account such MKD parameters as the type of heat supply system, the type of hot water supply system, the presence of insulated (non-insulated) risers and (or) heated towel rails, etc. (clause 4 of the Rules for establishing consumption standards). Standards for the consumption of utility services are determined using the analogue method or the calculation method using formulas in accordance with Appendix 1 to the Rules for Setting Standards (see clause 13 of the Rules). By virtue of clause 14 of these Rules, the validity period of utility service consumption standards is at least three years. During this time, utility consumption standards are not subject to revision, with the exception of individual cases. Such standards change if (clause 16 of the Rules for Establishing Standards): - there has been a change in design and technical parameters, the degree of improvement of the apartment building, climatic conditions under which the volume (quantity) of consumption of utility resources changes by more than 5%; — amendments have been made to the Rules for Establishing Standards in terms of the requirements for the composition of standards for the consumption of utility services, the conditions and methods for their establishment and determination; — the authorized body has received the relevant information necessary to apply the analogue method, if the current standard was established by the calculation method. From the above it follows that standards for the consumption of utility services are established by authorized bodies for at least three years. The reason for their revision is a change in the parameters of MKD and climatic conditions, a change in the requirements for the composition of standards and the procedure for their establishment and determination, including the need to change the calculation method used.

Hot water supply using open water supply systems

The thermal energy component is assumed to be equal to the tariff for thermal energy (power) established and applied in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of heat supply.

Hot water supply, including using closed water supply systems

Consumption standards in the field of hot water supply

It should be noted that the above-mentioned pricing trends in the field of hot water supply using both closed and open water supply systems are taken into account in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 14, 2015 N 129, which amended: - the Rules for Setting Standards; — in the Rules for the provision of public services. The amendments affected the procedure for determining standards for hot water supply, as well as the procedure for calculating the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water. In particular, clause 24 of the Rules for Establishing Standards has been supplemented with the following paragraph. The standard for the consumption of public services for hot water supply in residential premises when establishing two-component tariffs for hot water is determined based on two standards: - the standard for the consumption of cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply in residential premises; — standard thermal energy consumption for heating cold water to provide public services for hot water supply. According to clause 2 of Government Decree No. 129 of the Russian Federation, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation must approve the above standards no later than 01/01/2018. Thus, the period allotted to the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to approve the necessary standards has not yet expired. At the same time, by virtue of clause 7 of the Rules for Setting Standards, when choosing a unit of measurement for consumption standards in relation to hot water supply (hot water), the following indicators are used: - in residential premises - cubic meters. m of cold water per person and Gcal for heating 1 cubic. m of cold water or cu. m of hot water per person; - for general house needs - cubic meters. m of cold water and Gcal for heating 1 cubic. m of cold water per 1 sq. m of the total area of the premises included in the common property in the apartment building, or cu. m of hot water per 1 sq. m of total area of premises included in the common property in the apartment building. From all of the above, it follows that the authorized bodies, taking into account the type of water supply system, have the right to establish both two-component and final tariffs for hot water. In the case of establishing two-component tariffs, the corresponding standards must be approved (with the choice of appropriate units of measurement), determined in the manner and according to the formulas that are set out for the corresponding method for determining standards (the analogue method or the calculation method) in Appendix 1 to the Rules for Setting Standards. The period allotted for the approval of these standards expires on 01/01/2018.

Assessment of the situation in the regions

In regions where two-component tariffs for hot water have been approved (this mainly concerns open water supply systems), the issue of applying consumption standards is quite acute. On the one hand, the corresponding changes in the Rules for Setting Standards, including the formula for calculating the standard “for heating” water for hot water supply, have been in effect only since February 2015, therefore, in accordance with the new calculation procedure, the standards have not yet been approved. On the other hand, the previous standards for heat energy consumption for water heating were either approved in violation of the procedure for adopting regulatory acts of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (established by documents that have lost force), which is why the legality of their application is questionable, or were not established at all.

In the city of N. The authority to approve tariffs and standards in the city of N is the regional tariff service, which, as of 2015, approved: - a two-component tariff for hot water in an open hot water supply system; — consumption standard for hot water supply (cubic meters per person per month). The standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating the coolant (cold water) for the provision of public services for hot water supply has not been established. In view of the above, the management organizations of the city of N, in settlements with the population and RSO, use (in our opinion, illegally) the standard for thermal energy consumption for heating the coolant, which was established in 2007 by a decree of the head of the city, which has become invalid.

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Standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply must be established by authorized bodies, taking into account the current version of the Rules for Setting Standards no later than 01/01/2018. In this case, the management company has the right to apply to the regulatory body with a proposal to establish a “heating” standard. In its absence, it is unlawful to use a similar standard that is not properly approved or approved by a document that has lost force. In this case, the management company may try to use the thermal energy indicator for heating cold water, based on expert assessment, in settlements with the population and RSO, but this will inevitably lead the organization to court. It is quite difficult to predict the chances of a criminal company winning in court, since the outcome of such a case depends on its specific circumstances, in particular on the final calculations of the expert commission. Hypothetically, the indicator of thermal energy for heating cold water, established by third-party experts, may have either less or greater significance than the one that is used (albeit illegally) with the tacit consent of all interested parties. This means that its use in calculations may negatively affect the relationship between consumers of the hot water utility service, which may not be included in the manager’s plans.

At the request of proactive residents of the house, we provide you with information on the use of a 2 (two) component tariff for hot water supply (DHW) for consumers living at the address: Khimki, st. 1st Lesnaya, 4

Hot Water Supply - supply of hot water supplied through centralized hot water supply networks and in-house engineering systems to the house (household), to residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building, to premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building (hereinafter referred to as hot water / hot water supply).

In accordance with paragraph 38 of the Procedure for calculating and paying fees for utility services of the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354): In the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for The utility service for hot water supply is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the utility service for hot water supply and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of providing the utility service for hot water supply.

In the absence of a centralized hot water supply, the supply of hot water to consumers in an apartment building is carried out by the utility service provider (which, under the building management agreement and resource supply agreements, is the management organization) by producing the resource and providing public services for hot water supply using in-house engineering systems, including equipment included as part of the common property of the owners of premises in an apartment building (equipment of an individual heating point or a communal boiler room).

Information on two-part tariff for hot water

In accordance with paragraph 9 of Article 32 of Chapter 6 of Federal Law No. 416-FZ of December 7, 2011 “On Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal” and taking into account the amendments made to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 14, 2008 No. 520 “On the Basics of Pricing and Procedure regulation of tariffs, surcharges and marginal indices in the field of activity of public utility organizations”, the requirements of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1149 of November 8, 2012, tariffs for hot water supply are set in the form of two components:

Component Cold Water (rub./cub.m.)
Component Thermal Energy (RUB/Gcal)

Please note that the apartment building managed by CENTURION LLC, located at Moscow region, Khimki, microdistrict. Podrezkovo, st. 1-ya Lesnaya, 4 , is equipped with an individual heating point (hereinafter referred to as IHP) and hot water preparation - the resource is prepared by the management company independently using IHP equipment by heating cold water to the parameters necessary for the high-quality provision of public services and supplying consumers of an apartment building resource "Hot Water".

Taking into account the above in a single payment document (EPD receipt)

utility is reflected in 2 (two) lines in the calculation table (CW for DHW needs and DHW heating), accordingly, the tariff for DHW is made up of 2 (two) components:

Cold Water for the needs of Hot Water Supply (the volume of hot water (cubic meters), determined according to the consumption readings on your individual general apartment metering device (IPU DHW), multiplied by the tariff, the approved cost (rub./cubic meters) per cubic meter meter of cold water)
Heating of water for the needs of Hot Water Supply (volume of hot water (cub.m.) according to the IPU multiplied by the value of the approved consumption of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of water for the needs of hot water supply = 0.051 (Gcal/cub.m.) and at the tariff, approved cost (RUB/Gcal) per Gigacalorie of thermal energy)

The amount of thermal energy for heating hot water supply is established (by Resolution of the Head of the city of Khimki No. 1583 dated December 1, 2009) = 0.18 Gcal per person per month, taking into account the consumption standard (clause 4 of the Resolution of the Administration of the city of Khimki, Moscow region dated 06/25/2014 No. 795 “On establishing the amount of payment..”) and (in accordance with the letter of the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services of the Moscow Region dated 02/04/2014 No. 50 ref.-334) the amount of thermal energy for heating cold water for hot water supply needs is 0.051 Gcal/cub.m.

Thus, in accordance with the Explanations on the issue of payments for utility services for hot water supply in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, set out in the Letter of the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services of the Moscow Region, regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) heat metering device in the hot water supply system apartment building, regardless of the heat supply (hot water supply) system (open or closed), and also regardless of the season (heating or non-heating), the amount of thermal energy used to heat water is determined according to established standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for hot water supply purposes.

Please note that in accordance with the legislation, the tariff for hot water in a closed hot water supply system is set to two components (RUB/cub.m and RUB/Gcal), taking into account the requirements of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 129 of 02/14/2015 “ On amendments to certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation on the application of two-component tariffs for hot water."

— component “Cold Water for DHW needs” price = 22.93 rub./cub.m . (the tariff for cold water was approved by Order of the Committee on Prices and Tariffs of the Moscow Region No. 161-R dated December 18, 2015 for the resource supplier - the resource supplying organization JSC Khimki Vodokanal) the basis for charging is Additional Agreement No. 1 dated September 16, 2016. to the Unified Contract for Cold Water Supply and Sanitation No. 376C dated August 22, 2016. applies to relations between the parties arising in relation to the supply item from 07/01/2016.

— component “Thermal Energy for DHW heating” price = 1,911.48 rubles/Gcal (heat energy tariff approved by Order of the Committee on Prices and Tariffs of the Moscow Region No. 166-R dated December 18, 2015 for the resource supplier - resource supplying organization OJSC “Experimental Ceramic Plant”) the basis for issuing the fee is Heat Supply Agreement No. 73 dated 07/01/2016.

The hot water consumption standard for the population living in the district is set at 3.6 cubic meters. per person per month (Resolution of the Head of the city of Khimki No. 1583 dated December 1, 2009)

CALCULATION EXAMPLE: Situation - the meter in the premises is working properly, the device is verified, sealed and put into operation, copies of documents for the metering device (passport, service agreement, record of basic initial readings, etc.) are transferred to the manager, meter readings and consumption volume are monthly before the 20th are transferred to the management company in any way available to the consumer (on forms, through a personal account on the website https://lk.uk-centurion.ru, to an email address for commercial accounting of resource consumption and making calculations)

The consumption according to the IPU of hot water ( = Current readings - Previous readings) was 7 cubic meters.

The accruals will be reflected in the receipt as follows:

Tariffs for public utilities are set by regional commissions. In the same way, according to tariffs, performers (management companies, homeowners' associations, housing cooperatives, etc.) must pay resource-supplying organizations - if the end consumers are citizens. But tariffs for heating hot water do not always take into account the engineering features of high-rise buildings. As a result, in some regions, including the Moscow region, a situation has arisen where management companies must pay more than they receive from residents for the same resource. Why did this situation arise, what do prosecutors’ offices and courts think about it, what ways are there to solve the problem, said Arbat MCA lawyer Sergei Sergeev.

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The cost of one cubic meter of hot water ceased to be uniform in 2012: On November 8, 2012, the Government introduced a two-component tariff for hot water for closed and open hot water supply systems (Resolution dated November 8, 2012 No. 1149). On February 14, 2015, by Resolution No. 129, it amended the Rules for establishing and determining standards for public utility services (Resolution No. 306 of May 23, 2006) and the Rules for the provision of public services (Resolution No. 354 of May 6, 2011).

This two-component tariff has recently been in effect in many regions of the country, including the Moscow region. As a result, the cost of one cubic meter of hot water is currently set based on two components:

cold water component;
component for the thermal energy spent on heating it.

The amount of cold water is determined by the readings of the meter and is calculated in cubic meters. And in order to calculate the second indicator, thermal energy, you need to multiply the volume of water calculated according to meter readings by the approved standard for thermal energy consumption for heating.

According to many representatives of the industry community, this method of calculation is more economically justified. The uniform tariff for hot water did not take into account the actual temperature of hot water entering the apartments. As a rule, regulators included maximum indicators in the tariff, and residents received lukewarm water, which they had to pay in full.

But management organizations that use such a settlement system had to face another unexpected problem. Thermal energy consumption standards did not always take into account the specifics of the engineering systems of houses. Therefore, according to the standards, the payment for it turned out to be less than for public meters. And this meant that the owners had to pay the management company less for it than the resource supply organization (RSO) itself.

In particular, this problem arose in high-rise buildings where thermal energy is spent heating water in heated towel rails, heated floors or other similar equipment. In these houses, hot water constantly circulates through the system and does not cool down due to periodic heating. At the same time, the law does not allow the owners to be billed for this additional heating, because this is only possible according to approved consumption standards.

As a result, the management organization's debt to RSO grows, since it is not possible to collect funds from the owners, as a result of which RSO inevitably goes to court with a claim for collection.

Judicial practice here is contradictory. The prosecutor's office, as a rule, takes the side of the residents, and the judicial authorities in most cases share the point of view of the RSO, as a result of which management organizations suffer.

Supreme Court opinion and consequences

As a result, RSO will be forced to incur losses until Rules No. 124 directly spell out the procedure for calculating thermal energy consumed when heating cold water when using a two-component tariff or add it to the list of utilities established by Rules No. 354.

At the same time, in my opinion, such an interpretation of the legislation contradicts both the norms of the Civil Code, which obliges you to pay for the energy actually consumed, and the rules mandatory for concluding contracts with RSO, according to which the calculation of the consumed resource is carried out according to the readings of a common house meter (if any) .

To cover the difference between payments by residents and management companies, some management companies have introduced a so-called “circulation fee”. They carried out painstaking explanatory work with the owners and convinced them to pay the difference. But it is usually difficult to achieve understanding of residents, and management companies fail in this. Another option is to achieve the establishment of a more economically justified standard, taking into account the characteristics of specific apartment buildings. The path is complex and thorny, but it seems more logical.

Paragraph 9 of Article 32 of Federal Law No. 416-FZ “On Water Supply and Sanitation” determines that tariffs in the field of hot water supply can be set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy in the manner determined by the principles of pricing in the field of water supply and wastewater disposal approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Back in 2015 (namely on February 14), Government Resolution No. 129 (hereinafter referred to as PP 129) was adopted, which amended the Rules for the provision of housing and communal services (hereinafter referred to as HCS) to homeowners in apartment buildings (hereinafter referred to as MKD) and residential buildings, approved by Government Decree of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011 (hereinafter referred to as Rule 354), as well as Government Decree No. 306 of May 23, 2006 regarding regulation of the cost of hot water supply (hereinafter referred to as DHW) when using two-component tariffs.

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PP 129 specified the obligation of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to approve the standard for cold water consumption for the purpose of providing hot water supply services in residential premises, as well as the standard for heat energy consumption for heating cold water no later than January 1, 2021.

Taking into account the above, currently, apartment managers have a clear mechanism for calculating fees in order to issue correct receipts for payment by consumers. However, judicial practice in Russia is an inexhaustible source of resolving controversial issues, which seem to be a priori clear and described in legal regulations, but become a stumbling block in the existing “good” relations of management organizations (hereinafter referred to as MA) with resource supply organizations (hereinafter referred to as RSO).

The courts of appeal and cassation sided with the RSO, which was the reason for the appeal of the UO to the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, which canceled the judicial acts adopted in the case regarding the collection of debt under the contract for the supply of hot water and sent the case in the canceled part for a new trial to the court of the first instance, since the lower courts had no reason, when determining the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used to heat water for the purpose of providing public services for hot water supply, to be guided by the readings of a common house meter recording the amount of thermal energy in the coolant on the following grounds:

At the same time, rejecting the argument of the company’s appeal that when paying for hot water at a two-component tariff, the amount of thermal energy used to heat water should be calculated according to the standards for the consumption of thermal energy to heat water for hot water supply, the court of appeal

, whose conclusions were left unchanged by the district court,
referred to paragraph 1 of Article 19 of the Heat Supply Law, by virtue of which determination of the amount of thermal energy (coolant) by calculation is allowed only in the absence of metering devices, refusing to recalculate the volume consumed under agreement No. B 14/ 16 thermal energy.
Meanwhile, the courts did not take into account the following.

In the case when the supply of thermal energy and hot water to the subscriber through the connected network is carried out for the purpose of providing appropriate public services to citizens living in an apartment building (hereinafter - MKD), these relations are subject to housing legislation
(subparagraph 10 of paragraph 1 of Article 4 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation). Federation).
In this case, by virtue of the direct indication of paragraph 1 of Article 4 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2004 No. 189-FZ “On the Enactment of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation,” laws and other regulatory legal acts are applied to the extent that they do not contradict the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 157 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the amount of payment for utility services is calculated based on the volume of consumed utility services, determined by the readings of metering devices, and in their absence, based on the standards for the consumption of utility services approved by government authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

By virtue of the direct indication of paragraph 13 of Rules No. 354, the terms of contracts for the acquisition of utility resources for the purpose of using such resources to provide utility services to consumers are determined taking into account the said Rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

The above legal provisions in their systematic interpretation in judicial practice are considered as
excluding the imposition on the management organization - the provider of public services in relations with resource supplying organizations - of the obligation to pay for public utilities in a greater volume than similar public resources would be subject to payment if citizens - users of public services received the specified resources directly from resource supplying organizations, bypassing the mediation of the management organization.
Thus, by virtue of Rules
No. 354, the amount of thermal energy used for heating water is determined according to the standards established in the manner prescribed by law for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for the purposes of hot water supply, regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) metering device
, which records the volume of thermal energy. energy entering the hot water supply system of the apartment building.

This procedure does not contradict paragraph 1 of Article 157 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, which provides for determining the volume of consumed utilities based on the readings of metering devices, and only in their absence allows the application of utility consumption standards, since thermal energy is not among the consumed utilities,

and the values of Qi p and Qi one serve to distribute the thermal energy used to heat water for hot water supply among all consumers, depending on the volume of hot water consumption.

Since the company referred to the need to calculate the amount of thermal energy used to heat water according to the standards for the consumption of thermal energy to heat water for hot water supply, the courts had no basis in determining the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used to heat water for the purpose of providing public services for hot water supply, be guided by the readings of the common house meter,

fixing the amount of thermal energy in the coolant supplied to the apartment building for the purpose of providing hot water supply services.

Due to the fact that the courts of first and appellate instances committed a significant violation of the legislation regulating the procedure for determining fees for hot water

, supplied by the resource supplying organization to the apartment building in order to provide the corresponding utility service, and these violations were not corrected by the district court, the appealed judicial acts are subject to cancellation in terms of satisfying the claim for payment of hot water and penalties under agreement No. B 14/16 of 01.09.2016...”

Taking into account the above, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in the dispute between the UO and RSO, the court sided with the UO and explained that the RSO must use a two-component tariff when calculating the volume of hot water. The applicable RSO “law is like a drawbar: wherever you turn, that’s where it comes out” in this case, did not find judicial confirmation in the highest authority.

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What should hot water be like?

Any interpretation of the normal temperature for heated coolant in homes and public institutions is limited by the specific requirements of GOST 2874-82. The limit is set for both minimum and maximum temperature readings. Only in their range can water provided to the consumer of housing and communal services be considered hot.

SanPiN 2.04.01-85 regulates the temperature range for heating from 60 to 75 degrees Celsius. There are two reasons here:

this range is optimal for disinfecting liquids and cleaning them from pathogenic bacteria;
temperatures exceeding 75°C increase the risk of burns during domestic use.

Lowering the lower bar to 50°C is allowed only for centralized water supply networks in contact with closed thermal systems. When contacting open-type heating plants, the temperature in centralized networks should not be below 60 degrees. The maximum value in both cases is limited to 75°C.

Gcal standard for heating 1 m3 of water

The purpose of introducing a two-component tariff is a gradual transition to world standards, according to which calculations cannot be made for 1 m3 of hot water as the final product of production. This method of calculation is still in use, but by 2022 the cubic meter will be used according to a meter or consumption standard to account for the total volume of water used.

Using cold and hot water

The amount of heat to heat the cube is measured in Gcal (gigacalories). Calorie is the unit required to heat 1 g of water by 1 °C, under natural conditions - at normal atmospheric pressure.

To understand the value of Gcal as a unit of measurement, it is enough to understand that this volume of thermal energy for heating is enough to increase the temperature of a thousand tons of water by one degree.

The calculation of the standard for heating hot water in Gcal is legally stipulated by the “Rules for the accounting of thermal energy and coolant”, published and developed by the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Russia back in 1995. Cold water consumption is carried out according to the meter, in cubic meters.

Standards for heating in the Tver region

The volume of thermal energy consumption is obtained by multiplying the norm established in the region for heating the cube by the water used by the consumer. Its quantity is determined by the installed meter or by regional standards.

In regions where a system of payment for hot water based on two components has not yet been introduced (for example, in the Chelyabinsk region), in 2021 they must develop a regulatory framework and switch to a generally accepted payment system. Such a measure will lead, albeit not very significant, to an increase in tariffs for hot water supplies.

Standards for heating in the Krasnoyarsk Territory

To prevent this from hitting the population’s pockets, certain measures have been taken in advance:

In some regions of the federation, the introduction of the system was postponed, but in some places they have already come into effect on July 1, 2021.
Average coefficients have been established for all regional entities. This is the maximum cost above which you cannot charge for hot water. They can be found in Executive Order No. 1347, dated November 12, 2021.
There are limits that limit the powers of local governments. They are indicated in the order of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Standards in the Volgograd region

The size of the increase in tariffs for water heating varies. For example, the Government of St. Petersburg did not consider it necessary to use the figure of 6%, which is indicated in the order. 3.5% was considered a sufficient measure, which amounted to 59.45 rubles. Moscow will feel the rise in prices in different ways: Mosenergo will charge 130.27 rubles from the second half of the year. per cubic meter, and other companies - 163.36 rubles. per cube of heated water.

Technology for forming a legal tariff for hot water supply

Hot coolant is the end product of heating cold water in a corresponding power plant. According to Federal Law No. 416 of December 7, 2011, which regulates the process of water supply and sanitation in the housing and communal services system, the two-component tariff for the supply of hot coolant is based on the costs of using both the cold water necessary for this and the energy for heating it.

Important! For closed and open water supply systems, the tariff for cold water is equal to the market price per unit volume of the component and is calculated in rubles per cubic meter.

The tariff for the energy component required to heat a given volume of coolant is calculated in rubles per Gcal and corresponds to the price of the thermal energy required for this. On average, one gigacalorie is spent on heating 1 m3 of water from 60 to 75 degrees Celsius across regions.

Thus, the amount of payment for hot water in an apartment or private house should not exceed the total price of the consumed volume of water in cubic meters and energy costs for heating it in gigacalories.

How a two-component calculation is formed

The main difference between this tariff is the division of costs into two items. Since the hot water system is essentially cold water heated to the standard temperature, then, accordingly, the first part of the tariff includes a fee for the used cold water. And the second - for the thermal energy used to heat it.

Prices vary depending on the type of hot water system. If the source of hot water is a heating system, then the tariff includes the cost of chemical treatment of the liquid and the overhead costs of the heat supply organization.

The preparation of hot water in the ITP is indicated in payment receipts as DHW and DHW heating, that is, the tariff is calculated for a closed hot water supply system.

For those who have a water meter, the formula is as follows:

P=V*T

Where V is the volume of hot water consumed over the calculated period. T – tariff in rubles/cubic meter. m.

For those who do not have a water meter, the formula is as follows:

P=n*N*T

Where n is the number of people living. N – standard consumption of hot water supply per person. T – tariff in rubles/cubic meter. m.

Benefits of the new legislation

In accordance with Decree No. 354, the consumer of housing and communal services for a two-component supply of hot coolant is obliged to pay for them only upon the fact, based on the specific water consumption indicated in the home metering device.

If the amount charged by the Management Company for the use of coolant is not based on the data taken from the meter and exceeds the amount of payment for a similar service in the previous billing period, the company (clause 61, resolution No. 354) is obliged:

recalculate and adjust the amount of payment for the supply of hot water based on its actual consumption according to the testing device;
notify of the amount seized from the consumer in excess of the established standard;
count this amount towards payment for housing and communal services in the next month.

For the Management Company to agree to recalculation it is necessary:

timely submit claims for payment for services;
establish a discrepancy in the volumes of services indicated in the meter and presented to the consumer for payment by public utilities;
obtain confirmation from a representative of the housing and communal services supplier;
check the meter for hot water consumption and make sure that it is working and sealed.

Two-part tariff

In accordance with the amendments made by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 14, 2015 No. 129 to the Rules for establishing and determining standards for the consumption of utility services, approved by the RF Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 No. 306, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation when establishing standards for the consumption of utility services for hot water supply (hereinafter - DHW) have the right, and from 2021, are required to approve standards for cold water consumption for the provision of public services for hot water supply in residential premises and standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply.

That is, the previously used “coefficient”, which allows us to determine the volume of heat content in the hot water supply, is now quite officially called the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply. At the same time, the volume of heat energy calculated on the basis of this standard and the volume of hot water consumed by a specific consumer is precisely indicated in the line “DHW heating”.

According to Rules 354 (as amended by RF PP dated 02/14/2015 No. 129), the cost of hot water supply is calculated by summing up the cost of two components - the cost of the coolant (directly the water itself) and the cost of heat spent on heating this water to the required temperature (“DHW heating”) .

Additionally, it is worth noting that if DHW is produced inside the house using a heat exchanger (or boiler), then the amount of heat energy spent on “heating up DHW” is calculated based not on the standard heat energy consumption, but on the actual heat consumed (or other utility resource spent on heating ).