Choosing a school for a child: what types of schools there are. How to choose a school for a child in Moscow

Territorial distribution of schools

Each school is assigned to a specific neighborhood. This distribution appeared several years ago, and the introduction of this system was due to several reasons:

Children had the opportunity to receive education in institutions located close to home, which freed them from having to spend a lot of time getting to school.
Uniform distribution of schoolchildren among educational institutions. In this way, it is possible to combat excessive workload and, on the contrary, shortages in schools.
It is possible to provide optimal conditions for conducting the educational process, both for students and teachers.

The territorial distribution of schools among microdistricts is carried out by local governments. All data must be prepared before March 1, after which all information is published on official websites.

Attention! The responsibilities of these bodies also include recording children who have reached school age and live in a certain microdistrict.

Full day school

In the last two years, state and non-state full-day schools have become widespread. In such schools, the child stays for the second half of the day, which is very convenient for working parents. This is not a standard Soviet after-school school, where the child just walked and did homework; at the full-day school there are additional clubs, sports sections, children, of course, are fed, do their homework with them and take them out for walks. Whether or not to send a student for the whole day depends primarily on the individual characteristics of the child - some feel comfortable being constantly in a group of peers, while others need silence and peace at home. This service is free in public schools. As for private schools, the price directly depends on the package of services provided.

How to determine your attitude towards school

Internet

Each school and other educational institution should have its own website.
This requirement is mandatory, but the legislation does not provide any conditions for exactly how this Internet resource will be maintained. Therefore, some schools cover every step they take, while others limit themselves to only general information.

But some information must be written on the website:

Houses associated with an educational institution.
The rules on which students are admitted to school.
Number of places available for admission next year.
Areas in which training is provided.

The website should have a special section where you can clarify information about the school’s affiliation, in particular about which houses are attached to it.

Department of Education

Regardless of the size of the locality, it has authorized institutions or individual specialists who deal with education issues.
Most often, visits by citizens on any issues are carried out at specially designated time intervals, so it is better to clarify the reception schedule in advance. These employees are competent in educational matters, so they can quickly answer which school the house is attached to.

But since this information can also be obtained from the Internet, it makes no sense to go to the department just for one question. Most often, this option is resorted to by citizens who have a number of additional questions, which can only be consulted on through a personal visit to the institution.

Read also: How to write a refusal of a child

Independent visit to school

Every parent has the right to go to school and get advice on issues that are important to him or her related to admission and subsequent studies at school. The following information is provided without any problems:

Is the house where the child’s registration is registered assigned to the child’s place of residence?
Number of training places.
Admission rules.
Is it possible to get into school if you don’t have a residence permit at this address?

Attention! Refusal of such consultation, as well as a ban on visiting the school, is illegal.

This method of obtaining information is considered the most optimal, since in this way a person can get acquainted with the administration of the educational institution and clarify the conditions for completing the training. This is also an option to find out in advance the condition of the building and its internal equipment.

Assigned territory for schools: example

When choosing a school for your child, be sure to pay attention to:

for staff turnover. If teachers change frequently, this affects the quality of teaching and indicates an unfavorable environment in the school;
Do the schools monitor children’s rest and leisure time? Find out what clubs there are, how often there are excursions, trips to other cities, abroad;
Are there additional educational services that the school has the right to provide for money? Please note that the school must be licensed to provide these services. By the way, the only legal “extortion” from parents (except for money for extracurricular activities, which are voluntary) is security. Collections “for curtains”, “for class gifts”, etc. are illegal;
Look how cozy and comfortable the school is. Your child will spend a significant part of his life within its walls. Pay attention to the condition of the window sills and walls - are there many inscriptions; their content can give an idea of the cultural level of schoolchildren, as well as the very fact of their existence. Look how many wall newspapers there are, reports about campaigns, how long ago they were created, what they write in them;
is there a psychologist at the school - undoubtedly, this is very important, because he helps children solve their problems;
Do school students participate in city and regional competitions, and what results do they show?

Who has the right to count on priority enrollment?

After completing the preparatory courses

If parents want to send their child to study at a school other than their place of registration, it is better to find in advance educational institutions that offer preparatory courses.
Of course, this is not a guarantee of admission, but in practice there are often cases when school management decides to fill the remaining places with children who have taken courses.

If there is a relationship

Some parents believe that if their older child is already in school or has completed the entire training program, then the younger child will be accepted there without any problems.

In fact, this is a misconception, since in the legislation there is no priority in accepting children based on kinship for education. An exception is allowed only in cases where such a point is specified in regional regulations.

In practice, there are indeed cases when school management prefers to accept a child whose brother or sister is already studying here. This is indeed possible, but only in cases where such a move is not prohibited by regional legislation. Otherwise, other parents may appeal the school's decision.

Priority admission

Beneficiaries

Each region provides benefits according to which certain categories of first-graders can be accepted for study on a priority basis.
You can find out the full list of such beneficiaries in the education department at your place of residence. Since this list is established at the regional level, it cannot be determined exactly. It is possible to highlight only an approximate list of citizens who fall into the category of beneficiaries throughout the country:

Children of military personnel, prosecutors, police officers, judges.
Children of the above citizens who died in the performance of their military duty.
Children of the above-mentioned citizens who were injured while performing their official duties.

Such children have the right to enter the chosen educational institution, regardless of their place of registration.

In certain regions of the Russian Federation, the following are identified as beneficiaries:

Children raised by a single mother.
Children in care.
Orphans.
Children from large families.

Important! Children who have disabilities can be admitted to an educational institution only for special adapted educational programs. In this case, the consent of their parents or legal representatives is additionally requested. When assigning a program, the recommendations given by the commission are taken into account.

Availability of registration

A citizen can apply for temporary registration at his place of residence.
At the same time, performing this action is an obligation if a person lives in a locality other than his place of registration for more than 90 days. Read also: Certificate of non-marriage

It is better to issue such temporary registration for a minor child if the parents know that he will go to study in this locality. This step will greatly simplify the enrollment procedure.

If a parent already has temporary registration at his place of residence, he has the right to register his minor child at the same address, even without receiving consent from the owner.

Documents for enrollment

How to find the parents of an adopted child?

If you don't know how to find the parents of an adopted child, we can help solve this problem. Searches for biological parents and relatives are one of the main areas of our activity. We will help you find biological parents in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus and other CIS countries.

If you have adopted a child and now decide to find his biological parents, we can help you in your search. We have learned to do this work quickly, delicately and confidentially.

We will maintain the confidentiality and inviolability of your personal life. During the search, biological parents and relatives will learn/receive as much information as you want to share with them, no more and no less. Your privacy comes first!

Lack of registration

Lack of registration is not a reason why a child may be denied admission to an educational institution.
By law, all citizens have the right to education, so the state does everything possible to ensure that children have the opportunity to study, even in the absence of permanent or temporary registration. If parents are refused to accept their child for education simply because he does not live at the address assigned to the school, they have the right to contact the department of education and other authorities to protect their rights.

Important! A refusal is possible only if the classes are fully completed. At the same time, parents must be provided with information about which educational institutions have free places.

They don’t want to take their child to school near their home: there are options

The family came to Moscow to work. In order to enroll a seven-year-old child in first grade, we contacted an agency that deals with renting out apartments and arranging temporary registration. The company offered several options. Having chosen the right one, we rented an apartment and registered. The child was accepted into a school located in the microdistrict, where he settled.

A year ago, a mother and children moved to Moscow from Vladimir. We rented an apartment. The issue of temporary registration was resolved with the owner of the apartment. We chose a school located in our area of residence. We left applications on the mos.ru website in the evening, and received a response in the morning. The eldest son studied in the 8th grade, passed an interview with teachers and was enrolled in school, the youngest was also accepted into the first grade of the same school.

A resident of the northern capital, Elena, has friends who came to St. Petersburg. Their child was accepted into a school in the neighborhood, having accepted a copy of the lease agreement for an apartment located near the school. The reason was included in the column about the child’s place of residence. The school was registered on September 3.

Is it possible to submit documents to several schools at once?

To submit documents for admission to two schools at once, you must submit an application to the educational institution located at your place of registration before June 30.
This is the only way to preserve your right to priority admission. From July 1, you can submit an application to the school of interest, which is not related to the child’s place of registration.

If the child is accepted at the second school, then the application from the first can simply be withdrawn; there will be no consequences for committing such actions.

If parents want to send their child to a specific school, they can apply for temporary registration in that microdistrict. In this way, you can make your child a priority for admission, which will increase his chances of admission.

Get through at any cost!

“Last year I sent my daughter to school,” recalls Alena Bestuzheva, mother of a first-grader. “And at first I was taken aback. There were no places available in any educational institution in my area! I didn't fold my arms. In three schools she overcame the resistance of the guards and made her way to the teachers who were recruiting the first classes. Two out of three schools were ready to accept my daughter. From conversations with friends, I learned that the “no places” technique is widely used: in some places this is how they extort bribes, in others they artificially increase the prestige of a school. So don’t give up, and your child will be accepted!”

Receiving a refusal

Denial of admission to a particular school can be made for several reasons:

Inappropriate age. According to legal norms, a child can enter school only from the moment he turns 6.5 years old. Therefore, if parents bring their child earlier, he may be denied admission. In practice, cases are popular when the child’s level of preparation is very high, so such a child can be accepted into school without even reaching the agreed age. This point is considered by the school management on an individual basis.
Missing deadlines. A refusal is issued when parents bring documents for admission after the deadline. A negative decision is allowed only if all classes are fully staffed.
All classes have already been formed. Even if documents are submitted on time, but the number of children belonging to the first stage is greater than the number of places in the educational institution, the management will be forced to make a decision to refuse someone’s admission. Parents have the right to demand evidence of the lack of places.
Having health problems. Sometimes the child’s health requires the presence of special conditions for the educational process. If the school cannot provide such conditions, the child will be refused admission.

State secondary school

This is a school, which, as a rule, is located in your or a neighboring yard. The curriculum in such schools is the same, the list of subjects is the same. It’s worth going there if your child has not yet shown any special talents or interests. Typically, such a school is chosen based on its location - proximity to home, lack of a road to cross.

As a rule, the teaching staff here is not the best - talented teachers work either with bright children in specialized schools, or with rich ones in private ones. However, there are exceptions. Almost every school has at least one dedicated teacher who, in his free time, leads clubs and studios and teaches talented children. How productive his work is depends on the director: whether he is ready for change, whether he encourages initiative. Therefore, before giving your treasure to the first school you come across, talk to the director, form your opinion about him, about his attitude towards students, teachers and the educational process.