Wikipedia says that A janitor is a working person whose duties include maintaining aesthetic order in yards and other areas assigned to him.
Story
The profession of a janitor in Rus' dates back to 1669, when Tsar Alexei Romanov issued a decree “On the city’s well-being.” City employees in those days were under the responsibility of the fire department. Since 1879, every Moscow house was assigned an employee who not only removed garbage, but also monitored public order, signaling to the policeman with a whistle in case of an offense.
The janitor was a respected member of society, was registered with the police department and had a numbered badge.
In the Soviet Union, despite the declared respect for any work, the profession lost its prestige: the janitor turned into an ordinary cleaner. Most often, people from the provinces were “lured” to work, providing, as in tsarist times, official housing.
Many famous people waved their broom for the opportunity to gain a foothold in the capital. Now the situation is changing somewhat, since part of the dirty work is performed using special devices and mechanisms.
Briefly about classification
Before determining which wipers are good, it is worth understanding the type of products available on the market. Thus, existing designs of faithful assistants are divided into 4 types:
- frame;
- frameless;
- winter;
- hybrid.
All products designed to combat the negative effects of bad weather have a different mechanism that ensures the structure is pressed against the windshield. In addition, the presented subclasses differ in a set of characteristics:
- the force that ensures the structure is pressed against the windshield of the car;
- the level of aerodynamics, which determines the reliability and quality of the part at various speeds;
- the nature of protection from the negative effects of sunlight;
- duration of preservation of the declared performance indicators;
- ability to work efficiently at sub-zero temperatures and in snowfall conditions.
The maximum combination of the above characteristics in one product will allow you to find out which wipers are better for winter and how long they will serve correctly.
Description of the profession
The profession of a janitor is now in demand in municipal institutions of housing and communal services, as well as in industrial enterprises, markets, and train stations with large areas. Unlike pre-revolutionary times, workers are now responsible for maintaining the cleanliness of only the adjacent areas; the roadways of the streets are now cleaned mechanically using special equipment.
A special feature of the job is that you have to start performing your duties early in the morning - already at 4–5 o’clock you can hear the sound of a broom under the windows. By the time everyone goes to work en masse, the yard should already be clean, the paths should be cleared in winter and sprinkled with sand or salt. Some employees prefer to perform some functions late in the evening so that they can leave later in the morning. In summer the work is relatively easy, but in autumn and winter it becomes much more difficult.
The basic hand-held wiper tool has not changed for centuries:
- broom;
- rake;
- snow scraper;
- shovel;
- bucket;
- grabs for lifting debris from the ground.
Sometimes you have to use a saw, ax or crowbar. In housing and communal services companies in large cities, employees are armed with lawn mowers, trimmers, and blowers for removing small debris. Since the work is dirty, special clothing is used: boots, gloves, overalls. For safety and recognition purposes, janitors wear orange safety vests with stripes of reflective material.
TOP 10 best wipers for winter and summer
Driving a car must, first of all, be safe for the driver himself, for passengers, and for other road users. There are no trifles in this matter; windshield wiper blades play an important role - their choice should be approached carefully and thoughtfully. They can be divided into two large groups – summer and winter. Winter ones have good elasticity due to the use of fairly soft rubber.
To ensure that the installed products are ideal, a number of important criteria are taken into account when purchasing them:
- Versatility of fastening method;
- Length of right and left brush;
- The material from which the structure is made;
- Price.
Today there are three main types of wipers on the market: framed, frameless and hybrid.
The first type is found quite often; the products fit tightly to the glass, which can be achieved through the systematic functioning of rocker arms with hinges. All main moving elements are made of high-quality plastic. The material hardly becomes covered with ice in the cold and easily removes snow, water and dirt from the surface of the glass. The price for them is quite low, but such brushes will not last too long. After just a couple of seasons, they work worse, begin to creak and move away from the plane of the glass, which causes streaks of dirt to form.
Frameless windshield wipers are similar in structure to a spoiler made of plastic and rubber. It has two metal plates inside. A rubber blade is attached between them, which will clean the glass. There is a mounting bracket in the center and the ends are capped to resist icing. During operation, the products produce virtually no extraneous noise. If necessary, the rubber insert can be replaced.
Hybrid wipers can adapt to any glass shape. The structural frame is located inside the fairing casing, the product is able to withstand any load well, reliably removes all contaminants that interfere with visibility, and has a long service life.
Brief summary of the rating:
Where to study
In order to become a janitor, you do not need to have any education. The profession is included in the group of those that do not require skilled labor; all necessary skills are acquired directly on the job. Upon admission, the candidate is given a safety briefing and the territory assigned to him is indicated.
If an employee wants to improve his skills and move to a more prestigious job in the field of housing, communal services and urban services, then he can enter a secondary specialized educational institution (college or school), which trains relevant specialists.
Frame wipers: not the best option for winter
This is how a group using the simplest technology of pressing an elastic band is characterized. The hinged and symmetrically located rocker arms are connected to each other by one plate, through which the product is attached to the holder on the car.
The undoubted advantages of the frame idea are:
- best adaptation to any windshield curve;
- flexibility at low temperatures;
- cheapness.
What this type is loved for is the maximum area of contact with glass in any conditions. When choosing which wipers are good for Priora or Tens, owners give preference to this particular group. This is explained by the presence of a characteristic curvature of the windshield, which must be fitted to ensure high-quality cleaning.
The disadvantages include:
- low service life: metal hinges wear out quickly, resulting in unwanted play in the structure;
- lack of protection against ice freezing in snowfall conditions (the quality of work is practically reduced to zero);
- do not perform their function well at high speeds (especially noticeable if there is no aerodynamic profile on the car lever).
Responsibilities at work
The main functions of the wiper include:
- cleaning of courtyards, sidewalks and streets within its service area;
- cleaning the area from fallen leaves in the fall and from ice and snow in the cold season;
- Sprinkling paths with anti-icing materials (salt and sand) in winter;
- ensuring cleanliness near trash cans and areas for garbage containers;
- loading the contents of the tanks into special vehicles for removal to landfills or waste treatment plants;
- care of lawns and flower beds in the local area (mowing, watering, weeding);
- repair and painting of infrastructure elements (children's and sports grounds, swings, benches);
- cleans ditches for rainwater drainage;
- monitors the condition of common household property (urns, notice boards, drainpipes, stairs, gazebos), and, if necessary, reports problems to the foreman.
The list of responsibilities in each specific case depends on the territory served and is prescribed in the job description.
Standards for cleaning the territory for a janitor
They are prescribed in a special Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation.
This is a very complex problem that often ends up being a question mark. Thus, there is a special table for housing and communal services workers, compiled in 1999.
It clearly defines these norms, which are determined primarily by the time factor. That is, there is a certain time that a janitor can spend as much as possible on putting 1 square meter in order.
m. Also of great importance in this document is the type of territory. So, sweeping the territory assigned to the janitor should take:
- 0.13 min. - without coatings.
- 0.11 min. — with unimproved coating;
- 0.08 min. — with improved coating;
These figures are valid for the first class of territory.
Accordingly, completely different indicators “work” for the second and third. How to earn extra money as an office cleaner: Morning cleaning of offices.
Where to find a job: Solid waste removal: If we are talking about clearing the territory of snow, then the numbers will look different. So, to clean up precipitation that has just fallen, the following is allocated:
- 0.21 min. - without cover.
- 0.17 min. — with unimproved coating;
- 0.14 min. — for a site with improved coverage;
Again, these indicators are calculated for class 1 territory.
Above you saw the standards for cleaning common areas. They also included snow removal. Next, we invite you to familiarize yourself with more detailed (enlarged) standards for labor and material resources for snow removal. See picture below. The issue that deserves special attention is that for each specific employee, a standard for janitors for cleaning the territory is prescribed regarding cleaning areas. For example, during the summer period, during manual work, each such housing and communal services employee is allocated:
- 2500 sq. m. - mowing lawns;
- 5 thousand sq. m. - without coating;
- 600 sq. m. - lawns of medium degree of weediness.
- 1720 sq. m. - improved coating;
Who is it suitable for?
The work of a janitor is most often accepted by people who do not have special education, but are not afraid of work and want to benefit people. It doesn't matter whether it's a man or a woman. In some cities you can still count on receiving official housing with the prospect of its privatization in a few years. This attracts retirees, people from rural areas or from poor neighboring countries.
Employers want to see the following qualities in applicants:
- responsibility and hard work;
- love of cleanliness and neatness;
- good health, physical strength and endurance;
- punctuality;
- readiness for long monotonous work;
- rationality and the ability to properly plan your day in order to complete all tasks;
- the ability to find contact with residents to jointly maintain cleanliness.
Oddly enough, psychological stability is also important in this profession. After all, often, having worked hard today, the next day the janitor will see his territory in its original unsightly form. Everything needs to start over, and so on every day for years. It is especially difficult in the fall, when leaves fall rapidly, and during winter snowfalls.
Exclusive solutions
When wondering what kind of wipers are best for winter, you may hear - heated ones. Fundamentally new solutions in the field of efficient glass cleaning in winter are provided by Burner. The goal of the engineers of this division was simple - to adapt the frameless version to winter. We coped with the task by installing an elastic heating element in the wiper housing. It heats the plate, which transfers heat to the canvas. This process effectively resists the formation of ice and maintains the flexibility of the structure at any temperature.
The existing variety of wiper designs will allow you to choose the most effective configuration for winter conditions. Changing the rubber blade will help significantly extend the life of the windshield wiper.
A short video review of all types of wipers from the Avtoprofi team:
Pros and cons of the profession
Like any other job, the profession of a janitor can find its positive and negative sides. The advantages include a specific cleaning schedule: basically everything is done in the morning and evening, so a person can spend the daytime at his own discretion. Most often, janitors earn extra money by cleaning stairwells, performing simple repairs, and individual assignments. By the way, many cleaners collect recyclable materials for extra income, which is why some people treat them like homeless people. And this is already a minus of the profession, which also includes working conditions. In any weather, the janitor works outdoors, which can lead to a cold. Constantly standing on your feet and exercising can cause problems with the joints or spine and lead to varicose veins.
How the rating of windshield wipers was compiled
The selection of the best windshield wipers took place in three stages.
1. The main criterion was the opinion of users. We studied reviews from the main domestic specialized forums, because this is the only way to find out the true attitude of motorists towards wipers of a particular brand.
2. The second important factor is the opinion of authoritative publications on related topics. They conduct tests by artificially creating various problems and tests for the wipers. Such ratings of windshield wiper blades are not as indicative as real reviews, but they cannot be ignored.
3. And finally, we looked at the presence of various useful additional properties: spoiler, graphite coating, wear indicator, adapter, etc.
Traditional point system
. For a good indicator the janitor received “+1”, for a negative indicator “-1”. Or zero, if the characteristic is controversial and does not allow you to give an unambiguous answer.
When compiling our rating, the following characteristics were taken into account:
An attentive buyer may notice that not a single janitor has a rating below three points. It's simple - we do not sell bad and defective goods. Selling cheap and low-quality windshield wipers means taking a big risk with your reputation.
How much do they get
It is difficult to get rich working as a janitor. On average, representatives of this profession in Russia receive about 15 thousand rubles per month. The minimum (about 5 thousand) is paid to those who are registered for part-time work. Those employees who are ready to be responsible for several areas at once can earn 2-3 times higher than the average.
In different parts of the country, the work of a cleaning specialist is valued differently. In Moscow and remote regions (Kamchatka, the Republic of Sakha, Sakhalin and Magadan regions) workers can count on 25–30 thousand rubles; in the provinces, salaries are lower.
For example, in the capital the standard for a janitor is set at 800 square meters. They pay 13.5 thousand rubles for cleaning it plus additional allowances. If you want to get more, take another plot, but you will have to work hard. You can service 4-5 apartment buildings, then your income will be 50-60 thousand, and you will have to work without bending over. According to the Moscow Department of Housing and Public Utilities, in the capital only 22 thousand janitor positions are occupied out of the 50 thousand needed to maintain cleanliness, while about 70% of those working in them are migrants who came to work. To attract indigenous residents to work, Moscow authorities offer to work on a rotational basis and pay up to 30 thousand rubles for two weeks.
Some workers are lucky and find employment in private companies or enterprises where there are good working conditions and decent earnings with relatively light workloads. However, employers may require references from previous places of work and set a probationary period.
Cleaning standards for a janitor
1 "g" 3 class 2000 sq.
m 67 After 1 hour 1620 0.20 648000 — » — point 1 “e” 2. Sprinkling of sand areas: 1st class 5000 sq. m.
m 13 1 time per day 13 0.13 8450 3.1.4 p.
1 "b" 2 classes 10,000 sq. m 13 The same 13 0.15 19500 - " - item 2 "b" 3 class 2000 sq. m 13 Same 13 0.17 4420 — » — p. To determine the number of janitors, it is necessary to: establish the list and volume of manual cleaning work performed by janitors during the year; determine the repeatability of work per year, taking into account climatic conditions and local operating rules for the territories served by the housing and maintenance organization; determine the labor intensity of work for the year based on the standards given in the collection; calculate the number of janitors using the formulas given in the general part of the collection.
This paragraph describes the need for wet cleaning of entrances, elevators, washing windows, and sweeping ceilings.
- The document appendix serves as an example of calculating the required number of employees. The position of a yard cleaner is regulated at the legislative level, so each employee is protected in his rights.
And if, to put it humanly, not every manager observes the law in fulfilling the rights of workers.
Their work is the lowest paid in Russia, and there is no respect at all from the citizens living in the houses on the territory entrusted to this worker for improvement. In this article you learned about the cleaning standards for a janitor. What are the territorial cleaning standards for janitors (2018)? The territorial standard for manual cleaning services is averaged.
= 24 people, 2135 Cleaning of the territory of households is carried out in accordance with the standards that are established, including for janitors. Such issues are regulated by the Resolution of the Ministry of Labor and the Order of the State Construction Committee - the documents are discussed below.
Legislative regulation At the moment, mainly 2 federal acts are used to consider cleaning standards.
Prospects for the profession
Cities are growing and developing, so there are always janitor vacancies on the labor market. It’s not difficult to get into this business, the main thing is desire and hard work. Gradually, public stereotypes are being broken, and people are beginning to understand that representatives of this worthy profession make their lives better and more comfortable.
Author: Alexey Kuznetsov
If you still have even the slightest doubt that the janitor profession is right for you, then we strongly recommend taking a career guidance test from Profgid . It costs mere pennies, and at the same time allows you to avoid mistakes that can go in the wrong direction and cripple your entire life. Find out more >>
About the manufacturer
The Bear brand belongs to . The Novosibirsk company has been on the market for about 20 years. During this time, she developed a client base and experience in creating her own accessories for cars. The company's brands include:
- Cyclone (compressors for cars);
- Beam (headlights);
- Bear (windshield wipers).
The company cooperates with partners from South Korea, as well as with companies Philips, Osram, Narva, Koito
The company's designers have developed windshield wipers for cars taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian climate. Advantages of brand brushes:
- Windshield wipers cope with the work in cold and hot weather.
- They do not deteriorate under the influence of reagents used to clean the route and glass.
- Rubber completely cleans the surface without leaving scratches or streaks.
- Suitable for most Russian and foreign cars.
- They work without noise.
- Suitable for different steering wheel positions.
The following wipers are produced for domestic drivers:
- working in various weather conditions;
- having a good fit into the glass;
- differing in bending.
Janitor's tool
River water cleaning has its own specifics
The work of a janitor uses various tools and devices, in particular:
- Brooms: sweeping small debris (dust, leaves, etc.).
- Dustpan (janitor): Carrying small debris swept with a broom.
- Shovel (scoop and snow removal): clearing, carrying and loading debris, moving snow, clearing, carrying and loading snow.
- Buckets (containers): manual transportation of solid and liquid waste and garbage.
- Rakes (regular and fan): cleaning lawns (from mown grass, leaves and tree branches, debris).
Auxiliary means:
- Axes: cutting bushes and tree branches, making stakes and driving them in.
- Saw: cutting tree branches, sawing large wood debris.
- Sledgehammer: splitting and compacting debris, driving in stakes and fence posts.
- Scythe: cutting grass.
- Fork: loading grass clippings and waste into a container.
- Secateurs: cutting off shoots and thin branches of bushes and trees.
- Stretchers (working): carrying garbage, sand, soil.
- Crowbar (tool): breaking ice, removing stones and heavy debris.
- Sweep brush: Cleaning shavings, sawdust and dust from outdoor equipment.
Mechanization means:
- Carts (wheelbarrow): transportation of tools, sand, soil, garbage.
- Trucks: transporting bulky waste to landfills.
- Lawn mower (petrol, electric, mechanical): cutting grass, trimming lawns.
Containers for collecting garbage and waste:
- Garbage containers (cans).
- Garbage cans.
- Garbage bags (bags).
Workwear:
- Work gloves, Work gloves.
- Work suit, overalls, overalls, semi-overalls.
- Signal vest (orange) with reflective stripes.
Consumables:
- Water: watering the territory, lawns, plants.
- Sand: cleaning up spilled grease and oils, when cleaning up excrement (animals and humans), as a de-icing agent.
- Salt: as a deicing agent.
- Anti-icing reagent: de-icing agent.
- Paint: painting of benches, benches, gazebos, equipment for children's (swings, carousels) and sports (ladders, horizontal bars, bars) playgrounds.
Utility rooms:
- Dvornitskaya: utility room for storing equipment and work clothes.
Which design of winter wipers 2020-2019 is the best from a practical point of view?
Configurations
To prevent your money from being wasted in a week or two, experts recommend keeping an eye on the quality of the products. It is difficult to evaluate it explicitly, but the rating of winter windshield wiper blades 2020-2019 will simplify this point. Interest in designs is the next stage of analysis, clearly dictated not by the indifference of the driver. There are only four types:
- Frame - a system of rocker arms to which two plates are attached that hold the elastic.
- Frameless - the adhesion of the rubber sheet to the glass is ensured by a rigid plate that serves as a frame.
- Hybrid - frame wiper, the rocker arms of which are hidden under a plastic casing.
- Winter - a design of rocker arms protected from the environment by a rubber cover.
- Heated – frameless brush with integrated heating elements.
