What is a mop? Cloth for cleaning the floor. Mop mop

Decoding

MOP is an abbreviated name for common areas in an apartment building.

In some places, the abbreviation MOP is deciphered: “places of general visiting.”

The abbreviation MOP in the receipt is used for convenience and to save space on the printed document.

Despite the use of this term in receipts and printed literature, the current legislation does not contain the concept of MOP. The regulations use the term “Common property”.

What it is

This abbreviation stands for public areas. Absolutely everyone can use them, but at the same time they are the property of the residents of the house.

In construction, the MOP determines what kind of repairs are made in these places: the complexity of the construction work, the design project and the materials used.

Definition

This name is typical for apartment buildings. Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation specifies the premises of an apartment building (apartment building), which are included in the MOP. In fact, this includes the entire area of ​​the house, excluding apartments that are the personal property of their owners. Accordingly, all these places must be properly maintained. They are not part of the apartments, but require constant care and inspection by specialists.

Standards

The standards for maintaining MOP per 1 m² of apartment area vary depending on the management company and region.

• frequency of implementation of the prescribed work (for example, once a week),
• the cost of the services provided (for example, current repair of a power plant - 3.58 rubles).

What's included

The MOP includes the areas of various premises that are in the public domain. They depend on the layout of the house and the places provided by the designer to meet the various needs of the owners.

The general list of MOP areas includes:

• stairs and elevators,
• dressing rooms for storing things,
• attic and boiler room,
• roof,
• porch,
• places intended for smoking, etc.

All the above-mentioned places are designed to create maximum comfort for the residents of the house.

MOP in construction

The term MOP in construction refers to the places that are needed for living in an apartment building. Any person can use such places, even those who do not live in such a house.

MOP premises include land around the house, porch, entrance, attics, basements, and so on.

Such premises cannot be sold or any structural changes made to them without obtaining appropriate permission from all residents of such a building. Also, none of the residents can use such places for their personal purposes without obtaining the appropriate permits. For example, you cannot seize part of the attic to add an additional floor to your apartment.

However, other people can use such premises; for example, a food delivery courier can use the elevator and flights of stairs to get to the desired apartment, and anyone can hide from the rain under a canopy over the porch.

The interior of such premises is not accompanied by exclusive finishing solutions, however, the residents of the houses monitor the cleanliness and order in such places. Also, the management organization is obliged to monitor the condition of the MOP if the residents of an apartment building have transferred their house to it for management.

Mop is a modern alternative to floor cloth

appeared in English in the middle of the 15th century and meant nothing more than a mop. The first homemade mops were primitive products where old pieces of fabric cut into strips were attached to a handle using the so-called “mop nail” (a long nail with a wide flat head). Since then, mops have undergone many changes and improvements.

Thus, in 1837, the American inventor Jacob Howe created a mop holder; in 1893, Thomas W Stewart patented his version of a well mop made from yarn, and also developed a clamp that made it possible to change its washing part. In 1950 In 2009, Thomas and Peter Vosbikian received a patent for a sponge mop, which became the prototype of the mops of our time. This design used a lever and a flat strip of metal to allow the mop to be squeezed out. In 1999, Scotch Brite proposed

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MOS transistor operating principle, structure, main characteristics.

Mop decoding

These are places that are available for general use, that is, for absolutely everyone. Such places are the property of the residents of the house. They cannot be sold without obtaining consent.

But still, strangers can use them without the consent of the residents. For example, a guest can stand under the porch of the house in rainy weather or leave the car in the parking lot. The purpose of these places is the comfort of people.

In such places, finishing is rarely done. Their appearance is completely unimportant to people.

It should be noted that some people are afraid of such places.

This is because incidents from accidents on the roof to robberies in the entrance very often occur in them.

List of MOP

Types of such places: Stairs and elevator. Corridor for storing things. For example, strollers.

Attic.

What applies to MOP in housing and communal services

Let us list in detail what is included in the MOP in an apartment building:

• Elevator and elevator shafts.
• Basement and basements.
• Flights of stairs and openings between them, railings.
• Inter-apartment corridors, as well as storage areas for bicycles and strollers.
• Attics and attics.
• Boiler rooms.
• Attics.
• Garage, if there is one in the basement of an apartment building.
• Roof of the house.
• Porch.
• Land around the house, including flower beds.
• Sports and children's playgrounds.
• Garbage pipeline.
• Smoking areas.
• Car parking in front of the house.
• Communication systems in the house: Internet, cable TV.
• Lighting poles, but not always.
• Premises intended for servicing this house, including all communications, valves and taps located there.

The above premises are not always available to all residents and their guests of an apartment building. For example, you cannot just get into the basement, roof, attic or elevator shaft.

MOP is all the areas (property) of an apartment building that are not included in the premises of the apartments owned by the residents.

Terms of use

MPO is the common property of all residents. This is stated in Art. 244 of the Civil Code, according to which if several persons own property, it is joint property. Common property cannot be divided, but it can be registered as joint or shared ownership of all residents.

All residents of such a house can use common property, for example, MOP lighting in the entrance. You can use any personal items located in such places only with the permission of their owner.

Each owner of an MOP is obliged to bear the burden of its maintenance (monitor the condition of the MOP): pay taxes, repair if necessary, etc.

The law regulates equal rights to use such places, and therefore equal responsibilities for their maintenance. The costs of maintaining the MOP are included in the payment for general house needs. In the receipt, this line is abbreviated as payment for ODN (fee for servicing public areas).

However, there are some differences in the formation of the payment for one-time use - the larger the area of ​​​​the apartment owned by the resident, the more he will pay for one.

Responsibilities of the utility company for maintenance and repair

The maintenance of the MOP includes repairs and cleaning of such places.

The current Housing Code of the Russian Federation, RF PP dated August 13, 2006 No. 491, describes in detail the types of services that must be provided by the management organization:

1. Detecting breakdowns of equipment, heating systems, and drainage systems in common areas.
2. Checking the operation of the MOP lighting and power supply to the MOP both inside and outside the entrance.
3. Inspection of fire fighting equipment.
4. Cleaning and garbage removal.
5. Cleaning flower beds and courtyard areas, landscaping them.

Cleaning of common areas is mandatory, that is:

1. Cleaning and snow removal.
2. Roof cleaning.
3. Mowing grass in summer.
4. If necessary, control small rodents and insects.
5. Systematic wet cleaning in the entrances of an apartment building.
6. Cleaning and cleaning the central garbage disposal, if there is one in the house.

The frequency of cleaning in an apartment building, namely in MOP areas, is also established by regulations.

Systematic repairs must be carried out in common areas. The timing of its implementation depends on the technical operation of the building and its wear and tear. In case of emergencies and unforeseen situations, the company providing utility services is obliged to take all measures to eliminate them.

If we are talking about major repairs in an apartment building, then since 2012 it is necessary to pay fees for its implementation either to a special account or to a regional operator. Residents must be notified of major repairs at least 6 months before the start date, and a list of work must be determined 3 months before the start of work. Assistance in carrying out costly and labor-intensive technical measures should be provided by the capital repair fund in the region.

MOP electricity in housing and communal services receipts: what is it, calculation and what does the population pay for? 2021

Many Russians have recently become concerned about what this line in the payment receipt is - “MOP electricity”. This increased interest in most cases is explained simply - the amounts appearing there look quite substantial, and sometimes they are even higher than the basic payment for the used light in the apartment.

First of all, it is worth explaining that the definition of MOP is as follows: “public places.” That is, in this case we mean electricity spent on lighting:

• landings;
• elevators;
• entrances to the entrances;
• basements;
• attics, etc.

Currently, comprehensive reform of the housing and communal services sector is ongoing in Russia. As a result, many enterprises that provide relevant services to the population systematize their own relationships with consumers, which mainly include people living in high-rise buildings.

They carry out their activities on the basis of a government decree issued back in 2006, number 307. This document regulates the organization of accounting for general household consumption of household services. In particular, a rule appeared there according to which it is necessary to charge for electricity not only consumed in apartments, but also used for general needs.

In 2011, the government also adopted another regulatory act (No. 354) systematizing:

• issues of payment for housing and communal services;
• its frequency;
• the procedure for accounting for resources;
• rights, and equally obligations of the parties, etc.

According to Resolution 354, tariffs for the following utilities are also now calculated:

• heating;
• hot water supply;
• electricity.

Thus, since 2011, electricity spent for the common needs of all residents is no longer included in the maintenance of housing and a different standard is used in the calculation.

Accordingly, the cost was entered as a separate line in the bills. Based on the new format, the total consumed services are distributed among the owners or tenants of the premises. However, many citizens still do not have a clear idea of ​​what they actually pay management companies for.

Resolution 354 clearly states the procedure for distributing payments for electricity spent on general household needs.

So its consumption is taken into account using one meter, installed specifically for this purpose in each apartment building. Its readings are recorded monthly by representatives of the management company and transmitted to the company involved in the sale of electricity.

Based on these data, actual consumption is calculated by subtracting the total consumption for all apartments. The consumption of electricity by legal entities connected to the public network is also taken into account. As a result, the remaining volume is considered the electricity of the MOS.

This is where things get interesting. The government decree states that communal kilowatts are divided among all owners proportionally. That is, those who have more people living in their apartment have to pay more.

The state, for its part, introduced a certain standard for electricity consumption by MOP per person. This value may differ depending on the region.

For example, in Petrozavodsk it is 7 kilowatts per month.

As experts note, most often the amount charged for MOS electricity is too large due to the following factors:

• consumption without concluding a contract;
• theft of electricity by individuals;
• unauthorized connection to the general network of an apartment building;
• a large total amount of equipment that is the property of all residents;
• accuracy of readings from individual meters and their timely submission;
• wiring condition;
• Insufficiently careful attitude of residents towards energy resources.

First of all, it should be noted that in accordance with the new rules, all power in an apartment building is transferred to the hands of its owners. And this, in turn, entails responsibility for the property.

Further. Electricity itself is by definition a public service. It is provided by the owner of the apartments located in the building. Their legally established duty is to promptly pay incoming bills for the consumption of certain resources.

The amount of the fee directly depends on the data of the common house meter and in total cannot exceed the indicators of the mentioned measuring device. Thus, formally, citizens have no reason not to pay.

At the same time, several years ago, citizens living in the city of Livny, located in the Oryol region, managed to prove in court that they were illegally overcharged for electricity supply to the MOP.

Moreover, the city prosecutor’s office filed a lawsuit against the management company (Zhilservice). Its employees were forced to do this because they received complaints almost every day from citizens living in houses managed by the above-mentioned business entity.

People were sent payments with huge sums, the size of which significantly exceeded the fee for energy consumption in apartments.

It took both judicial and prosecutorial officials a lot of time to study all the documents presented, as well as the current ones:

As a result, it was possible to establish that the problem arose due to incorrect application of the calculation formula. The prosecutor's office noted that representatives of the energy supply company took into account the electricity costs declared by consumers themselves, while they should have relied only on the data received from the meters.

Thus, it turned out that conscientious tenants were actually forced to pay for their neighbors, who were in no hurry to pay off their debts. As a result, the prosecutor's office was able to prove that these actions were illegal and contrary to existing norms.

This is far from an isolated case in Russia as a whole. That’s why it’s so important to check payments and submit claims in a timely manner if charges are suspiciously high.

The number of people registered in the apartment has no relation to the lighting of common areas. The amount of payment is calculated based on the area of ​​the apartments, since common property is divided in proportion to the area of ​​each apartment, and not to the number of residents,” novichok further explained on the Odintsovo-INFO forum. — The light shines for one person or for seven, the only difference is in the use of the elevator, but this, you know, is unrealistic to calculate who from which apartment used it how many times. I think this expense line will now be easier for residents to track than before when it was included in “Maintenance and Repairs.” It was then that it was generally not clear how long my legs were growing. Now residents can request from the management company at least every month the readings of the common building meter and calculation of consumption for their apartment.”

OJSC Housing and Public Utilities Management Company does not include agency or other remuneration in the fee; it is only, as a contractor, obliged to ensure settlement relations between RKS-Energo and consumers. The management of Housing and Public Utilities Management Company OJSC also decided to equip houses, where technically possible, with communal metering devices by the end of this year, which will allow each house to independently regulate internal resource consumption.

If you have any questions, you can contact the department of the chief power engineer of the Housing and Public Utilities Management Company OJSC during business hours at the address: Vyborg, Zheleznodorozhnaya str., 2, 1st floor.

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Natalya Yuryevna, what caused the change in the procedure for calculating utility bills from September 1? – In accordance with Federal Law No. 261, by July 1, 2012, communal meters for electricity, hot and cold water supply, except for gas supply, had to be installed (they were installed in 2014). On September 1, Russian Government Decree No. 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings” came into force. It regulates the relationship between owners and organizations providing services (house management companies, resource supply organizations, housing cooperatives, homeowners associations). If the house is managed by a management company (DUK), then it is the provider of services. All the residents' complaints are directed at her.

The concept of MOP applies only to an apartment building, since only in this single complex of real estate does there exist a relationship of ownership to them. MOP lighting is a housing service provided to premises owners that requires a utility resource such as electricity. A simpler interpretation of the concept is a service for supplying light to a shared space. Previously, this item was part of the article “repair and maintenance of housing”.

But then, what is the reason for their reluctance to pay for a new expense line? What is the essence of the problem? It is only at first glance that the amount payable for lighting the MOP has moved in the invoice for payment from the column “repair and maintenance of housing stock” to the column “electricity supply”. Previously, these expenses were paid according to the tariff for maintenance and repairs, which was approved by the general meeting of owners of residential premises or the local government.

The actual amount of payment for services becomes visible only if a common house electricity meter is installed in an apartment building. It should be noted that the readings of a common house meter reflect both the total energy consumption in all premises and energy losses in intra-house networks, which are also reimbursed by the owners.

The column “Electric energy SOI”, according to legislative changes, should have appeared in January of this year. The legislator limited the amount of expenses for paying for utility resources consumed in maintaining common property in an apartment building with standards. For the transition period, the old standards for ODN, established by the subjects of the federation earlier, are applied. In many areas, the transfer of ODN to SOI has led to an increase in fees for residents, because the recommended standards are high. After the introduction of a new procedure for calculating fees for the maintenance of common property, the Housing and Communal Services Management Company turned to the Government of the Leningrad Region for advice on the implementation of legislative innovations. A new column was included in the receipt: “Electric energy SOI”, but payment for this column in January and February was set to zero.

Thus, residential electricity bills may vary throughout the year. If energy meters are available only in some of the premises, then the calculation algorithm will become more complicated.

Owners of apartments not equipped with meters pay for electricity in accordance with established energy consumption standards, and owners of metering devices must pay for the amount of electricity that differs from what was recorded by individual meters. If all rooms of the house in which there is a collective meter have their own electricity meters installed, then a formula is used in which the total amount of energy calculated according to the relevant standards will be equal to zero. In other words, the cost of electricity spent on the MOP will be distributed according to the readings of individual metering devices. Also, in accordance with Resolution No. 354, the owner is obliged to pay monthly for electricity supply to the MOP, even if he does not live in the given territory. Calculation of lighting costs To determine the amount of electricity spent on public needs, the following indicators are taken:

1. Total electricity consumption in the house. The indicator is obtained using a special communal meter, which should be in every apartment building.
2. Cumulative electricity consumption in all residential premises. For this indicator, data from individual apartment meters or consumption standards for apartments without them are taken.
3. Electricity consumption by legal entities connected to the public network.

Actual electricity consumption in common areas is calculated as the difference between the indicators.

According to Appendix 2 to the Rules for the Provision of Utility Services, the calculation of payment for electricity supply is determined depending on the availability of both general and individual electricity meters. If none of the residential premises of the house have an individual electricity meter, then in accordance with Appendix 2, fees for electricity supply in residential premises should be set according to the number of persons registered in the apartment. From the amount of electricity consumed recorded by the general building meter, you need to subtract the total amount of electricity consumed in non-residential premises for the same billing period. It is this difference that should be distributed among the owners of residential premises. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that in this case energy consumption standards should not be applied.

Also, in accordance with Resolution No. 354, the owner is obliged to pay monthly for electricity supply to the MOP, even if he does not live in the given territory.

Calculation of lighting costs To determine the amount of electricity spent on public needs, the following indicators are taken:

Total electricity consumption in the house.

For this indicator, data from individual apartment meters or consumption standards for apartments without them are taken.

• Electricity consumption by legal entities connected to the public network.

Actual electricity consumption in common areas is calculated as the difference between the indicators.

Previously, electricity was included in the tariff for servicing public areas, but now it has been allocated as a separate line.

Thus, there is an excess of the amount of electricity recorded by the common building meter over the total amount, for which the HOA and management organizations receive payment from the owners. Not wanting to suffer losses, partnerships and managers transfer the resulting difference to the owners of residential premises in an apartment building and include in their bills for services such a line as “MOP lighting,” which is accompanied by resistance from the owners.

The reluctance of owners to pay for the electricity needed to illuminate the MOP forces homeowners' associations and management companies to avoid establishing contractual relations for the supply of electricity to the MOP.

In connection with numerous appeals to the administration of the municipal municipality "Gusevsky Municipal District" through the Internet reception, regarding the issue of payment for electricity for common areas in apartment buildings, the department of housing and communal services, fuel and energy complex, road facilities, transport and gas supply reports the following.

Currently, housing and communal services are being reformed in Russia.

As part of this process, service organizations introduce changes in relationships with their clients - individuals living in apartment buildings. In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 No. 307, as general building accounting is organized in apartment buildings, OJSC Management Company will make charges for electrical energy consumed not only in the apartments, but also for the general building needs of the apartment building.

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Electricity itself is by definition a public service. It is provided by the owner of the apartments located in the building. Their legally established duty is to promptly pay incoming bills for the consumption of certain resources. The amount of the fee directly depends on the data of the common house meter and in total cannot exceed the indicators of the mentioned measuring device. Thus, formally, citizens have no reason not to pay.

Judicial precedents At the same time, several years ago, citizens living in the city of Livny, located in the Oryol region, managed to prove in court that they were illegally overcharged for electricity supply to the MOP.

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Moreover, the city prosecutor’s office filed a lawsuit against the management company (Zhilservice).

The indignation regarding payment for lighting of common areas began when residents began to receive receipts in which the amount for lighting of common areas exceeded individual consumption. This is where the problem arises. Energy losses in apartment buildings The collective electricity meter shows, in addition to actual readings, electricity losses in intra-house networks that arise for a number of reasons:

Outdated electrical wiring and lack of energy-saving electrical equipment in common areas.

For example, the lack of energy-saving light bulbs. Breakdown of the individual meter.

A faulty meter does not reflect actual resource consumption.

It is worth noting that there have been no fundamental changes in the logic of calculating the share of common house electricity attributable to the owner of the premises in an apartment building even after the entry into force of the new rules for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354. It is important to note that in 2021, there have been major changes in the procedure for payment of ODN by citizens: from July 1, 2021, the provider of public services (this is a homeowners association or management company) does not have the right to present to residents in receipts the volume of ODN, which exceeds the volume of ODN determined using the consumption standard utilities for general house needs. These changes are spelled out in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 29, 2016 No. 603, which amended the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings.” Many Russians have recently become concerned about what this line in the payment receipt is - “MOP electricity”.

This increased interest in most cases is explained simply - the amounts appearing there look quite substantial, and sometimes they are even higher than the basic payment for the used light in the apartment.

First of all, it is worth explaining that the definition of MOP is as follows: “public places.” That is, in this case we mean electricity spent on lighting:

• landings;
• elevators;
• entrances to the entrances;
• basements;
• attics, etc.

Where did this expense item come from? Now Russia is continuing a comprehensive reform of the housing and communal services sector.

Every month you receive receipts for payment for services consumed. They are awarded to a citizen living in a given residential area. They indicate how much we pay for gas, electricity, water, etc. New samples differ in the set of abbreviations, color (for example, in St. Petersburg - a pink payment card, in other regions - yellow), etc. An example of a receipt will be given below. In case of accrual of illegal amounts, which means if two receipts are received, with double size, etc., then it is necessary to complain to the authorized bodies.

There are several aspects to consider when answering this question. Thus, according to the law, in an apartment building, receipts for payment of utility services are sent and generated by management organizations. They are authorized to calculate the consumption of the following housing and communal services:

• for water supply;
• per apartment (depending on the number of persons registered there);
• for major repairs, etc.

Citizens receive separate receipts for gas and electricity supplies. This is due to the fact that these organizations are direct suppliers of utility services, and therefore charge directly.

A housing and utility bill looks like this: it is a written document that lists the services for which a fee is charged. Tariffs are also indicated there.

The rent act has the following content:

1. Indication of the payer.
2. Address and location of residential premises.
3. The name of the service provider and its bank details.
4. QR code.
5. Data on the services provided.
6. Tariffs that are applied during calculation.
7. Total amount to be paid.

Depending on the management company, the receipt may also include services for garbage removal, sewerage, general house needs, heating, etc.

Before you understand the difference between these concepts, you need to understand the meaning of this abbreviation.

Housing and communal services is understood as housing and communal services as a branch of the economy engaged in the study and formation of a range of services necessary for the normal life support of the population.

Housing and communal services are housing and communal services, that is, a specific resource provided to citizens - electricity, hot water, etc.

The concept of housing and communal services is much broader than the concept of housing and communal services, and includes, in addition to the list of services, other essential provisions, legal norms, standards, etc.

Depending on the basis on which a citizen owns housing, the receipt may include various elements. This includes rent, capital and current repairs, housing and communal services, etc.

It is also important to determine the basis on which the total amount payable is formed. First of all, the formation of payments is influenced by contracts concluded by citizens and government organizations (for example, a social rental agreement). Particular attention should be paid to regulations adopted in the region on the provision of utility services. You also need to take into account the tariffs in force in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The readings of meters installed in citizens’ apartments are also very important.

In this situation, it is necessary to identify what kind of lease is taking place. If this is a social rental, then the rent for housing is also included in the communal apartment.

In situations where there is a civil lease, the rent is addressed directly to the landlord, and the tenant can actually pay it. These conditions must be specified in the contract. The reverse calculation procedure is also possible.

In the housing and communal services sector, legal regulation includes such legal acts as:

1. Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2. Housing Code.
3. Law on Privatization.
4. Government decree in the housing and communal services sector.
5. Private contracts.
6. Regional legal acts.

It is in these legal documents that tariffs for utility services, the procedure for their payment, the procedure for repaying debt obligations, etc. are reflected.

As a rule, regulation most often occurs at the regional level, so special attention should be paid to the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

A utility bill includes a lot of abbreviations that need to be deciphered and understood. Each abbreviation is designated by a set of letters and has its own name. Let's look at some of them.

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This is a rather specific column in utility bills. SEON stands for unified public information system. As a rule, this includes sending messages to citizens about impending natural disasters, etc.

This is one of the most common columns in a payment order. It stands for the phrase “maintenance of common property.” It obliges citizens to pay mandatory expenses for the needs of common property in the house. SOI includes:

• maintenance of stairs;
• entrances;
• elevators;
• attic, etc.

The amount of payment for SOI is determined by an agreement between residents and the management company.

This payment applies only to those houses where an intercom is installed. The abbreviation stands for: “ intercom-locking device ”. In some cases, the fee for ROM is issued as a separate receipt.

Citizens are required to pay for its maintenance and maintenance of normal technical condition.

General house needs are an analogue of SOI . These are also expenses for the maintenance of common property. There are no differences in these abbreviations; it all depends on what set of letters the management organization uses to indicate these expenses in the payment slip.

UUTE in the receipt is responsible for the provision of thermal energy to apartments. It reflects how many resources were supplied and at what tariffs the payment is calculated. The inclusion of UTE occurs depending on the season. Explanation of the abbreviation: the evil of thermal energy metering.

Stands for "additional cable program television systems." This column is not available on payment cards in all regions. It constitutes a fee for the provision of telecommunication services, maintenance of a common house antenna, etc.

DSKPT can be appealed by a citizen in a situation where he uses cable TV and an antenna.

In order to understand what POVK means, you need to refer to the norms of housing legislation. This is an additional fee for providing heat to the apartment. A couple more letters are added to this abbreviation, for example, ТХВ.

APPP involves citizens paying for the development and maintenance of systems that protect the house from sudden fire. Such systems do not protect the apartment itself, but entrances, stairs, attics, etc.

AUR is also a specific line of expenses in payments. This includes a set of payments aimed at ensuring the work of the administrative and management apparatus, for example, a management company.

OPU includes the volume and types of costs for the collection, repair and installation of various metering devices, such as water or gas meters.

This is the “daily consumption on the electric meter”. As a rule, such consumption is not indicated in all regions. The night consumption of the EBDT can also be indicated in a separate line.

TPP includes payment for water - “coolant”.

The interpretation of this concept includes the provision and maintenance of gas equipment. VDGO includes stoves, gas boilers, and water heaters. Citizens are required to pay for inspection, repair and maintenance of these devices.

Citizens are also required to pay for wastewater disposal. Payment for this is charged every month. The management company issues such a receipt and also issues an invoice for the allocation.

DHW and cold water are indicated in a separate column. This is, in essence, the supply of hot and cold water to the apartment. This is done through common pipes.

DHW refers to the provision of hot water supply. The column must be filled out in accordance with legal requirements. There is no charge for the consumption of hot water in situations where there is a hot water heater at home.

This is the supply of cold water to the apartment. Payments are collected based on common metering devices (shared in the building) or on individual ones located in the apartment. The calculation is generated for a certain period.

Abbreviations for heating have already been discussed above. It should be noted that the provision of this service is seasonal and, for example, in the summer, no payment for heat is charged.

The form and form of the payment notice (invoice) is a written act that includes the name of the organization, personal account, indication of the consumer and description of housing and communal services (housing and communal services).

The sample can be downloaded here.

As a rule, a separate receipt for major repairs is not printed. This expense line is included in the overall receipt. The amount of contributions is determined by regional legislation or an agreement with the regional operator. As a rule, these are small amounts of money.

This document is published separately. The law sets the tariff, after which the consumption rate is determined. It can be calculated based on apartment metering devices or common house meters installed in the basement.

Tariffs set by the general consumption rate in the region may also apply . In situations where gas cylinders are used, gas supply fees are not charged.

They play a huge role in determining the amount of payment. Devices must reliably indicate how much of a particular resource was consumed. Testimony is verified periodically by authorized officials.

In a situation where the device is faulty, the consumed resources are accounted for according to the general standards provided for in the region of residence of the citizen.

In this situation, you need to contact either the management company (the one that sent you this receipt with an error) or the resource supply organization. As a rule, a written claim is written with a request for recalculation.

If this does not help, the citizen has the right to complain to Rospotrebnadzor, the prosecutor's office or the court, which will oblige the unscrupulous organization to correct its mistakes.

A reduction in payment can occur for various reasons, for example, due to the fact that the family is low-income, a disabled citizen lives in the apartment, etc. The application must be in writing. It can be submitted either directly to the organization that provides the service or through a multifunctional center. The application can be completed by the resident or a representative.

A sample application for recalculation (reduction) of payment for utility bills can be downloaded here. ⇐

In this matter, the following points need to be taken into account:

1. You can reduce the fee when providing low-quality services.
2. In the absence of necessary maintenance of metering devices.
3. With illegally inflated fees.
4. In situations where the fee exceeds 20 percent of total income.

Only in these situations can you really count on a reduction in utility bills. Everything happens exclusively at the written request of the person, since the reduction is exclusively of a declarative nature.

Thus, the receipt includes many alphabetic symbols and codes: IPU, IND, ZPU, ADS, AZU, AKHN, BULA, VIC, ASPZ, AHR, IKU, OID, SOID, GUP, etc. Essentially, this is one and the same same name for different utilities. For example, OID and SOID apply to the general property of MKD, IPU and IND - mean payment for metering devices, ZPU and ADS - also to metering devices in terms of sealing.

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Calculations

Temporary absence of consumers in residential premises - recalculation procedure for 2021

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How are maintenance fees calculated?

A fee must be paid for the maintenance of the MOP.

Payment for the maintenance of common property is established by the management organization according to the tariffs it proposes.

The indicated tariffs must be reasonable. They are made up of:

1. Wages that will be paid to employees performing maintenance of public areas.
2. Standards of time and frequency that will be spent on cleaning the building and MOP.
3. The cost of equipment, detergents and other tools that are necessary for cleaning premises.
4. Compliance by relevant personnel with the terms of the established schedule.

It is important to know that the wages of personnel servicing the premises of the MOP cannot be less than the minimum wage.

The fee for servicing MOP, that is, ODN, as well as other payments for utility services, must be paid no later than the tenth day of the next month.

Other abbreviations

It is worth noting that the abbreviation “MOP” has many more meanings. It can be deciphered as “a rag for cleaning and washing the floor.” A special attachment for a mop or brush, which is suitable in size and type of attachment. Designed for cleaning and maintaining floors.

The abbreviation can also mean “junior service personnel”. It includes such employees who do not participate in the processes of production and management of these processes. They perform maintenance functions.

Electricity cost calculation

There is lighting in every entrance of a residential apartment building.

In this regard, in the corresponding column in the receipt, the residents of this apartment building have the corresponding line “Electricity MOP” or “Electricity ODN”.

Previously, the payment for consumed electricity in the MOP was contained in the line “Maintenance and repair”, but with the introduction of the Rules for the provision of public services, the payment for the maintenance of the MOP was placed on a separate line.

Current legislation provides for the recording of electricity consumption in public places in one of two ways: either according to the readings of electricity meters, or based on consumption standards.

Payment for lighting of common areas does not depend on how many people live in the apartment. It depends only on the area of ​​the apartment or premises belonging to the owner of the premises.

The distribution of the volume of electricity on the ODN is carried out in proportion to the occupied area:

1. In the presence of a common house electricity meter, the value of the RDI for the entire house is multiplied by the area of ​​the occupied premises and divided by the sum of the areas of residential and non-residential premises of the apartment building.
2. In the absence of a common house electricity meter, the value of ODN is calculated as the distribution of the consumption standard between all residential and non-residential premises in a shared ratio.

Electricity consumed in the MOP (at the ODN) is not subject to recalculation due to the temporary absence of residents in the apartment.

Mop finishing explanation

165 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, management organizations are required to provide citizens, upon their requests, with information about established prices for services and work on the maintenance and repair of common property in apartment buildings and residential premises in them, about the amount of payment, about the volume, list and quality of services provided.B In cases of provision of services or performance of work of inadequate quality, the consumer has the right to file a claim for a reduction in the amount of payment for the maintenance of common property to the responsible person. The fact that inadequate quality of services and work has been identified is reflected in the report. An application to change the amount of the fee can be sent within 6 months after the corresponding violation (in writing or orally) and is subject to mandatory registration by the person to whom it was sent. When applying in person, a note on the date of receipt and registration number is made on a copy of the application. In case of refusal of satisfaction

Liability for non-payment

Since the fee for the maintenance of the MOP (ODN) is included in the payment for a utility resource, there is also liability for failure to pay the fee:

1. The utility company or organization supplying the resource may begin accruing penalties and fines.
2. The utility company may limit the consumption of the resource, but only if the procedure for notifying the subscriber is compulsory.
3. The organization supplying the resource may apply to the court to recover unpaid amounts.

Tricks of management companies

It is important to monitor the composition of the fees charged by management organizations. Often, additional paid services are imposed under the guise of mandatory services. Therefore, it is advisable to organize a council of residents in each apartment building, which will request from the management company a list of services provided and their actual cost.

MOPs are public spaces.
This particular term is not included in the current regulations, but it refers to all places (premises) that can be used by any visitor (resident) of an apartment building. A fee must be paid for the maintenance and repair of such places. On the receipt this is the line “Payment for one service”. Useful article? Rate and share with friends!

Room mop decoding

What is a mop? This term is usually used to refer to the nozzle that is attached to the flounder.

Despite the fact that the English word mop, the translation of which sounds like “mop,” has no other meanings, in our language it usually means not a mop, but only an element of it.

Surely such confusion arose due to the fact that there is another type of mop, a little outlandish for the inhabitants of our country - this is an equipment consisting of a stick and an attachment made of long twisted ropes. This cleaning device is called a mop.

Residents of Western countries have been using them for decades, and they are common not only in everyday life among ordinary housewives, but also as work equipment for specialists providing cleaning services. A little further we will look in more detail at the varieties of all these cleaning devices, and also describe their main differences and features.

In general, we have already answered