MOP electricity in the housing and communal services receipt: what is it, calculation, how to pay?

Concept of MOS lighting

The abbreviation MOP stands for common areas in an apartment building, which, in accordance with Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, include: landings, attics, basements, elevators and elevator shafts, corridors, etc. The concept of MOP applies only to an apartment building, for it is only in this single complex of real estate that there is a relation of ownership to them.

MOP lighting is a housing service provided to premises owners that requires a utility resource such as electricity. A simpler interpretation of the concept is a service for supplying light to a shared space. Previously, this item was part of the article “repair and maintenance of housing”. But in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011 “On the provision of public services”, electricity supply in public places of apartment buildings was allocated as a separate service.

Who pays

Expenses for the provided housing and utility services, including the maintenance of the MOP, in accordance with Art. 39 clause 1 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation is borne by the owners of residential and non-residential premises. Also, in accordance with Resolution No. 354, the owner is obliged to pay monthly for electricity supply to the MOP, even if he does not live in the given territory.

Payment for electricity to MOP from a legal point of view

Services provided to owners of residential premises in accordance with the law are divided into housing and utility services.
If housing is associated with the maintenance of the common property of an apartment building, then utilities provide for the supply of various utility resources to the apartment building.

Let's consider the problem associated with the service of supplying electricity to common areas (CPS), the emergence of which at one time caused indignation on the part of apartment owners.

What is meant by the term "MOS lighting"?

Previously, owners of living space in apartment buildings paid for energy supply to the MOP as part of the standard item “repair and maintenance of housing stock,” which was actually a public service, and you can’t argue with that.

This conclusion follows from the Rules for the Provision of Public Utilities, in particular, paragraph 3 of these rules, and is confirmed by Letter of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation No. 11356-YUT/07 dated June 18, 2007.

The Ministry of Regional Development in the said letter separates the concepts of “consumption of electrical energy for the operation of lighting devices and equipment in common areas” and “lighting of common areas.” “Lighting” refers to a housing service, namely its provision.

In fact, lighting MOPs, which are the common property of residents in an apartment building, requires a utility resource such as electricity. At the same time, the costs of paying for it should fairly be borne by the owners of apartments in this building. But then, what is the reason for their reluctance to pay for a new expense line?

What is the essence of the problem?

It is only at first glance that the amount payable for lighting the MOP has moved in the invoice for payment from the column “repair and maintenance of housing stock” to the column “electricity supply”.

Previously, these expenses were paid according to the tariff for maintenance and repairs, which was approved by the general meeting of owners of residential premises or the local government.

The actual amount of payment for services becomes visible only if a common house electricity meter is installed in an apartment building.

It should be noted that the readings of a common house meter reflect both the total energy consumption in all premises and energy losses in intra-house networks, which are also reimbursed by the owners.

Thus, there is an excess of the amount of electricity recorded by the common building meter over the total amount, for which the HOA and management organizations receive payment from the owners. Not wanting to suffer losses, partnerships and managers transfer the resulting difference to the owners of residential premises in an apartment building and include in their bills for services such a line as “MOP lighting,” which is accompanied by resistance from the owners.

HOAs and management organizations are responsible for unscrupulous owners

Typically, management organizations and homeowners associations become the “extreme” in this situation.

The reluctance of owners to pay for the electricity needed to illuminate the MOP forces homeowners' associations and management companies to avoid establishing contractual relations for the supply of electricity to the MOP.

The energy supply organization goes to court and demands collection of the debt for electricity that was actually supplied to the house. In most cases, courts recognize such claims as justified and satisfy the claims in full on completely legal grounds.

Considering the fact that the problem of payment of utility bills by the owners of premises appeared not so long ago, local judges rarely have to deal with cases of debt collection from owners of residential premises in apartment buildings. However, such cases are no different, for example, from the collection of arrears from owners for payment for residential premises or the use of utilities.

How much should the owner pay?

Separately, the issue of distributing the cost of paying for electrical energy between the owners, consumed for the needs of the entire house, should be considered. According to Appendix 2 to the Rules for the Provision of Utility Services, the calculation of payment for electricity supply is determined depending on the availability of both general and individual electricity meters.

If none of the residential premises of the house have an individual electricity meter, then in accordance with Appendix 2, fees for electricity supply in residential premises should be set according to the number of persons registered in the apartment.

From the amount of electricity consumed recorded by the general building meter, you need to subtract the total amount of electricity consumed in non-residential premises for the same billing period. It is this difference that should be distributed among the owners of residential premises.

Particular attention should be paid to the fact that in this case energy consumption standards should not be applied. Thus, residential electricity bills may vary throughout the year.

If energy meters are available only in some of the premises, then the calculation algorithm will become more complicated. Owners of apartments not equipped with meters pay for electricity in accordance with established energy consumption standards, and owners of metering devices must pay for the amount of electricity that differs from what was recorded by individual meters.

If all rooms of the house in which there is a collective meter have their own electricity meters installed, then a formula is used in which the total amount of energy calculated according to the relevant standards will be equal to zero. In other words, the cost of electricity spent on the MOP will be distributed according to the readings of individual metering devices.

It turns out that, according to established legislation, the cost of electrical energy spent on lighting the MOP is included in the payment for the electrical utility service. And even with the installation of a common house metering device, citizens are not yet ready to pay for electricity in an amount that exceeds their actual electricity consumption inside the residential premises.

Summary.

1. MOP energy supply is a public service.

2. This service is provided to apartment owners, which means they must pay for it based on the readings of the common building electricity meter.

3. Taking into account the fact that the MOP energy supply service is provided by energy supply companies on the basis of agreements with homeowners associations or management organizations, the latter must be responsible for paying for this service.

4. The solvency of utility service providers directly depends on the solvency of the owners. Collection by a partnership or management organization from the owners of residential premises of debt for payment for electrical energy entails the collection of this debt from the owners in a recourse manner on claims of the management organization or HOA.

Housing and communal services, public utilities, electricity

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Source: https://novostienergetiki.ru/oplata-elektricheskoj-energii-mop-s-yuridicheskoj-tochki-zreniya/

Lighting cost calculation

To determine the volume of electricity spent for public needs, the following indicators are taken:

Total electricity consumption in the house. The indicator is obtained using a special communal meter, which should be in every apartment building.
Cumulative electricity consumption in all residential premises. For this indicator, data from individual apartment meters or consumption standards for apartments without them are taken.
Electricity consumption by legal entities connected to the public network.

Actual electricity consumption in common areas is calculated as the difference between the indicators. It is multiplied by the tariff established in the region and divided among all owners, in proportion to their share in the right of common ownership of the property. It turns out that the area of the property affects the amount of payment. The exact calculation formula is presented in Appendix No. 2 to Government Resolution No. 354.

According to Art. 13 Clause 5 of Federal Law No. 291 of 04.11.09 “On Energy Saving”, each multi-storey building must be equipped with collective metering devices for utility resources, which includes electricity, by 01.07.2012. If the owners have not done this themselves, then by July 1, 2013, the meter will be installed by the resource supply company.

In accordance with paragraph 7 of Art. 11 of this law, when constructing a new apartment building, the developer must ensure that the building complies with energy efficiency requirements and that the new building is equipped with metering devices.

In a number of old houses, a collective meter is not installed, so the payment for lighting public premises is calculated according to the electricity consumption standards established in each region and distributed in the same way as the previous method. It is worth noting that payment according to standards involves the use of increasing coefficients. This measure was introduced to increase the motivation of owners to install communal metering devices.

Standards for mop power. What does "Electricity MOP" mean?

/Electricity supply/Electricity MOS in the housing and communal services receipt

As part of the reform of public utilities, all apartment buildings are equipped with common building electricity meters. This is necessary to determine the number of kilowatts consumed for general purposes. Residents of high-rise buildings continue to argue about the correctness of the calculations and the lack of accounting for the share of electricity consumed.

Normative base

Responsibility for the maintenance of property in joint use is regulated by Art. 30 clause 4 of the Housing Legislation, as well as Art. 209-210 of the Civil Code.

The legality, validity and legality of including MOP electricity in the general housing and communal services bill for the general needs of the house is determined by Government Resolution No. 354, adopted on May 6, 2011.

, describing the procedure for providing utility services.

Attention! If you have any questions, you can chat for free with a lawyer at the bottom of the screen or call Moscow; Saint Petersburg; Free call for all of Russia.

The requirement to make a payment for MOP electricity spent on the general needs of an apartment building is also stipulated:

in Federal Law No. 261, dated November 23, 2009 and defining ways to save energy and increase the efficiency of the existing energy system;
in Government Decree No. 491 of August 13, 2006, approving the rules for maintaining common space and changing fees in connection with emergency situations.

PP No. 354 states that the amount of payment in the housing and communal services receipt for MOP electricity depends on the difference between the data of the collective meter and the readings of individual devices. The resulting value is distributed among all residents of the high-rise building.

Making payments for electricity in public areas

In the Rules for the provision of utility services No. 307 dated May 23, 2006.

, it is clearly stated that payment for the lighting of the MOP and the operation of electrical equipment of the entire apartment building is calculated in proportion to the electricity consumption of each individual apartment.

Payment for lighting of common areas may not be made only if the volume of electricity consumption for the reporting period according to the apartment meter is zero.

To save on payment for MOP lighting, install a common house electric meter, install a sensor device in the entrance that operates in automatic light shutdown mode, and replace the apartment electric meter if it does not meet accepted modern operating requirements.

What is included in MOS electricity?

Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation includes in common areas (MOP): elevator, corridors, platforms, attics, basements, etc. non-residential premises in which electricity is used. In accordance with Art.

158 of the housing legislation, each owner of an apartment in a multi-storey building must regularly pay housing and communal services receipts related to utilities and the maintenance of his own home, as well as take a share in the care of the common space.

For your information

Electricity consumed by light bulbs on sites and in basements was always paid for, but at the expense of the “housing maintenance” line. Houses equipped with common metering devices do not experience difficulties in calculating payments for MOP, since we are talking about actual expenses.

And residents of old buildings, which in most cases do not have meters, are outraged by too high payments.

In almost all regions, the standard is 7 kW per month for MOP in a building that is not equipped with an elevator and approximately 14 kW if the number of floors of the building requires a lifting mechanism.

What does ODN mean for electricity?

Electricity costs for general house needs (GDE) consist of several factors. This includes lighting of the local area, staircase landings, maintenance of elevator facilities, etc. All this adds up to considerable costs for MKD.

What are the standards for electricity consumption at the ODN used for settlements with the energy supply company? The fair redistribution of electricity costs between apartment owners depends on how the charging system is structured.

Previously, management companies (MCs) of apartment buildings paid for ODN with funds accumulated by subtracting amounts from utility payments of homeowners. It was practically impossible to control the correctness of the accrual of one-time income tax to each owner. Unscrupulous administrators of the management organization took advantage of this, committing fraud with funds.

Starting in 2021, new ODN standards for electricity were introduced. They were determined by calculation, which is closest to the actual electricity consumption for general household needs.

The articles of the new Federal Law (Federal Law) remove from circulation fraudulent schemes that were used to unjustifiably increase the costs of one-way electricity supply, in contrast to the real ones.

Cash withdrawals were made from payments made by residents not only in the city, but also in large populated areas throughout the Russian Federation.

Innovations forced management administrations to take into account strict rules for accounting, monitoring and saving electricity.

Cost calculation

The payment for MOP electricity in the housing and communal services receipt is determined in different ways:

If the house does not have a common meter, then according to the formula:

VMOS = NMOS * Pl. Non-residential* Sq./Sq. total sq.

Where,

NMOP is the monthly standard value of electricity consumption for each family member, determined by RF PP No. 306 in 2006,

Pl. unlived - size of common premises,

Sq.m - area of occupied living space,

Total area - the area of the entire multi-apartment building excluding non-residential premises.

The fee is calculated as follows:

Pmes. = VMOS * T

Where,

VMOS is the total size of MOS electricity;

T is the tariff applicable to the utility resource.

Example

The location of the apartment building is a region that has determined the standard for electricity consumption to be 2 kW per 1 m2. The area of public non-residential space is 200 m2, private housing is 40 m2, and all residential premises occupy 1600 m2. We will take the tariff equal to 3.72 rubles/kWh.

It turns out: 2 * 200 * 40/1600 = 10 * 3.72 = 37.20 rubles.

If the multi-apartment building is equipped with a common building meter:

VMOP = (Vtotal - ∑ Vnon-residential - ∑ Vresidential required - ∑ Vresidential volume - Vcr.) * Sq./Sq. total

where Vtot. — the amount of electricity accounted for by a common household appliance;

∑ Vnon-residential — the number of kilowatts used in non-residential space;

∑Vliv. required — general residential consumption without a meter;

Source: https://xn--80abdgjyd4ar2a.xn--p1ai/zhkh/nachislenie-elektroenergii-v-kommunalnoj-kvartire-2.html

Problems in calculating MOS lighting

Why is the problem of lighting in public spaces so acute, since residents had previously paid for this service as part of another item. Until 2012, the amount for the item “repair and maintenance of housing stock” was calculated according to the tariff, i.e. was fixed.

Currently, with public meters, they use actual readings, which may vary throughout the year. The indignation regarding payment for lighting of common areas began when residents began to receive receipts in which the amount for lighting of common areas exceeded individual consumption. This is where the problem arises.

Energy losses in MKD

In addition to actual readings, a collective electricity meter shows electricity losses in intra-house networks that arise for a number of reasons:

Outdated electrical wiring and lack of energy-saving electrical equipment in common areas. For example, the lack of energy-saving light bulbs.
Breakdown of the individual meter. A faulty meter does not reflect actual resource consumption. There are often cases when residents of a house deliberately do not notify the energy supply organization about a breakdown and use special devices to prevent the device from working correctly.
Illegal connection to the public network. Independent connection to the line, bypassing the meter, and the absence of an agreement with the energy retailer also lead to non-accounting of the resource.
Lack of proper organization for recording data from metering devices in the house. For example, taking individual apartment meter readings from the 23rd to the 27th of the month, and taking collective meter readings on the 29th, leads to significant data distortion.
Inefficient use of electrical equipment on common property (lights on during the day, strong lighting at night)

Maintenance, repair and maintenance of electrical networks is carried out by a management company, to which the owners pay for the maintenance of public property, including intra-house electrical networks. In case of improper performance of duties, leading to possible reasons for increasing energy costs in premises that are part of common areas, residents have the right to demand high-quality maintenance and replacement of equipment.

An important factor in the indignation of residents related to the incorrect calculation of the amount for electricity spent on lighting common areas is the so-called “payment for a neighbor.” Unscrupulous residents transmit false data, connect bypassing the meter, etc., which leads to losses that the HOA and management company distribute among the owners.

MOP electricity in housing and communal services receipts: what is it, calculation and what does the population pay for? 2021

Many Russians have recently become concerned about what this line in the payment receipt is - “MOP electricity”. This increased interest in most cases is explained simply - the amounts appearing there look quite substantial, and sometimes they are even higher than the basic payment for the used light in the apartment.

First of all, it is worth explaining that the definition of MOP is as follows: “public places.” That is, in this case we mean electricity spent on lighting:

landings;
elevators;
entrances to the entrances;
basements;
attics, etc.

Currently, comprehensive reform of the housing and communal services sector is ongoing in Russia. As a result, many enterprises that provide relevant services to the population systematize their own relationships with consumers, which mainly include people living in high-rise buildings.

They carry out their activities on the basis of a government decree issued back in 2006, number 307. This document regulates the organization of accounting for general household consumption of household services. In particular, a rule appeared there according to which it is necessary to charge for electricity not only consumed in apartments, but also used for general needs.

In 2011, the government also adopted another regulatory act (No. 354) systematizing:

issues of payment for housing and communal services;
its frequency;
the procedure for accounting for resources;
rights, and equally obligations of the parties, etc.

According to Resolution 354, tariffs for the following utilities are also now calculated:

heating;
hot water supply;
electricity.

Thus, since 2011, electricity spent for the common needs of all residents is no longer included in the maintenance of housing and a different standard is used in the calculation.

Accordingly, the cost was entered as a separate line in the bills. Based on the new format, the total consumed services are distributed among the owners or tenants of the premises. However, many citizens still do not have a clear idea of what they actually pay management companies for.

Resolution 354 clearly states the procedure for distributing payments for electricity spent on general household needs.

So its consumption is taken into account using one meter, installed specifically for this purpose in each apartment building. Its readings are recorded monthly by representatives of the management company and transmitted to the company involved in the sale of electricity.

Based on these data, actual consumption is calculated by subtracting the total consumption for all apartments. The consumption of electricity by legal entities connected to the public network is also taken into account. As a result, the remaining volume is considered the electricity of the MOS.

This is where things get interesting. The government decree states that communal kilowatts are divided among all owners proportionally. That is, those who have more people living in their apartment have to pay more.

The state, for its part, introduced a certain standard for electricity consumption by MOP per person. This value may differ depending on the region.

For example, in Petrozavodsk it is 7 kilowatts per month.

As experts note, most often the amount charged for MOS electricity is too large due to the following factors:

consumption without concluding a contract;
theft of electricity by individuals;
unauthorized connection to the general network of an apartment building;
a large total amount of equipment that is the property of all residents;
accuracy of readings from individual meters and their timely submission;
wiring condition;
Insufficiently careful attitude of residents towards energy resources.

First of all, it should be noted that in accordance with the new rules, all power in an apartment building is transferred to the hands of its owners. And this, in turn, entails responsibility for the property.

Further. Electricity itself is by definition a public service. It is provided by the owner of the apartments located in the building. Their legally established duty is to promptly pay incoming bills for the consumption of certain resources.

The amount of the fee directly depends on the data of the common house meter and in total cannot exceed the indicators of the mentioned measuring device. Thus, formally, citizens have no reason not to pay.

At the same time, several years ago, citizens living in the city of Livny, located in the Oryol region, managed to prove in court that they were illegally overcharged for electricity supply to the MOP.

Moreover, the city prosecutor’s office filed a lawsuit against the management company (Zhilservice). Its employees were forced to do this because they received complaints almost every day from citizens living in houses managed by the above-mentioned business entity.

People were sent payments with huge sums, the size of which significantly exceeded the fee for energy consumption in apartments.

It took both judicial and prosecutorial officials a lot of time to study all the documents presented, as well as the current ones:

As a result, it was possible to establish that the problem arose due to incorrect application of the calculation formula. The prosecutor's office noted that representatives of the energy supply company took into account the electricity costs declared by consumers themselves, while they should have relied only on the data received from the meters.

Thus, it turned out that conscientious tenants were actually forced to pay for their neighbors, who were in no hurry to pay off their debts. As a result, the prosecutor's office was able to prove that these actions were illegal and contrary to existing norms.

This is far from an isolated case in Russia as a whole. That’s why it’s so important to check payments and submit claims in a timely manner if charges are suspiciously high.

The number of people registered in the apartment has no relation to the lighting of common areas. The amount of payment is calculated based on the area of the apartments, since common property is divided in proportion to the area of each apartment, and not to the number of residents,” novichok further explained on the Odintsovo-INFO forum. — The light shines for one person or for seven, the only difference is in the use of the elevator, but this, you know, is unrealistic to calculate who from which apartment used it how many times. I think this expense line will now be easier for residents to track than before when it was included in “Maintenance and Repairs.” It was then that it was generally not clear how long my legs were growing. Now residents can request from the management company at least every month the readings of the common building meter and calculation of consumption for their apartment.”

OJSC Housing and Public Utilities Management Company does not include agency or other remuneration in the fee; it is only, as a contractor, obliged to ensure settlement relations between RKS-Energo and consumers. The management of Housing and Public Utilities Management Company OJSC also decided to equip houses, where technically possible, with communal metering devices by the end of this year, which will allow each house to independently regulate internal resource consumption.

If you have any questions, you can contact the department of the chief power engineer of the Housing and Public Utilities Management Company OJSC during business hours at the address: Vyborg, Zheleznodorozhnaya str., 2, 1st floor.

This is interesting: Payment through the Information Settlement Center - Forum Housing and Communal Services Calculation 2021

Natalya Yuryevna, what caused the change in the procedure for calculating utility bills from September 1? – In accordance with Federal Law No. 261, by July 1, 2012, communal meters for electricity, hot and cold water supply, except for gas supply, had to be installed (they were installed in 2014). On September 1, Russian Government Decree No. 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings” came into force. It regulates the relationship between owners and organizations providing services (house management companies, resource supply organizations, housing cooperatives, homeowners associations). If the house is managed by a management company (DUK), then it is the provider of services. All the residents' complaints are directed at her.

The concept of MOP applies only to an apartment building, since only in this single complex of real estate does there exist a relationship of ownership to them. MOP lighting is a housing service provided to premises owners that requires a utility resource such as electricity. A simpler interpretation of the concept is a service for supplying light to a shared space. Previously, this item was part of the article “repair and maintenance of housing”.

But then, what is the reason for their reluctance to pay for a new expense line? What is the essence of the problem? It is only at first glance that the amount payable for lighting the MOP has moved in the invoice for payment from the column “repair and maintenance of housing stock” to the column “electricity supply”. Previously, these expenses were paid according to the tariff for maintenance and repairs, which was approved by the general meeting of owners of residential premises or the local government.

The actual amount of payment for services becomes visible only if a common house electricity meter is installed in an apartment building. It should be noted that the readings of a common house meter reflect both the total energy consumption in all premises and energy losses in intra-house networks, which are also reimbursed by the owners.

The column “Electric energy SOI”, according to legislative changes, should have appeared in January of this year. The legislator limited the amount of expenses for paying for utility resources consumed in maintaining common property in an apartment building with standards. For the transition period, the old standards for ODN, established by the subjects of the federation earlier, are applied. In many areas, the transfer of ODN to SOI has led to an increase in fees for residents, because the recommended standards are high. After the introduction of a new procedure for calculating fees for the maintenance of common property, the Housing and Communal Services Management Company turned to the Government of the Leningrad Region for advice on the implementation of legislative innovations. A new column was included in the receipt: “Electric energy SOI”, but payment for this column in January and February was set to zero.

Thus, residential electricity bills may vary throughout the year. If energy meters are available only in some of the premises, then the calculation algorithm will become more complicated.

Owners of apartments not equipped with meters pay for electricity in accordance with established energy consumption standards, and owners of metering devices must pay for the amount of electricity that differs from what was recorded by individual meters. If all rooms of the house in which there is a collective meter have their own electricity meters installed, then a formula is used in which the total amount of energy calculated according to the relevant standards will be equal to zero. In other words, the cost of electricity spent on the MOP will be distributed according to the readings of individual metering devices. Also, in accordance with Resolution No. 354, the owner is obliged to pay monthly for electricity supply to the MOP, even if he does not live in the given territory. Calculation of lighting costs To determine the amount of electricity spent on public needs, the following indicators are taken:

Total electricity consumption in the house. The indicator is obtained using a special communal meter, which should be in every apartment building.
Cumulative electricity consumption in all residential premises. For this indicator, data from individual apartment meters or consumption standards for apartments without them are taken.
Electricity consumption by legal entities connected to the public network.

Actual electricity consumption in common areas is calculated as the difference between the indicators.

According to Appendix 2 to the Rules for the Provision of Utility Services, the calculation of payment for electricity supply is determined depending on the availability of both general and individual electricity meters. If none of the residential premises of the house have an individual electricity meter, then in accordance with Appendix 2, fees for electricity supply in residential premises should be set according to the number of persons registered in the apartment. From the amount of electricity consumed recorded by the general building meter, you need to subtract the total amount of electricity consumed in non-residential premises for the same billing period. It is this difference that should be distributed among the owners of residential premises. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that in this case energy consumption standards should not be applied.

Also, in accordance with Resolution No. 354, the owner is obliged to pay monthly for electricity supply to the MOP, even if he does not live in the given territory.

Calculation of lighting costs To determine the amount of electricity spent on public needs, the following indicators are taken:

Total electricity consumption in the house.

For this indicator, data from individual apartment meters or consumption standards for apartments without them are taken.

Electricity consumption by legal entities connected to the public network.

Actual electricity consumption in common areas is calculated as the difference between the indicators.

Previously, electricity was included in the tariff for servicing public areas, but now it has been allocated as a separate line.

In connection with numerous appeals to the administration of the municipal municipality "Gusevsky Municipal District" through the Internet reception, regarding the issue of payment for electricity for common areas in apartment buildings, the department of housing and communal services, fuel and energy complex, road facilities, transport and gas supply reports the following.

Currently, housing and communal services are being reformed in Russia.

As part of this process, service organizations introduce changes in relationships with their clients - individuals living in apartment buildings. In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 No. 307, as general building accounting is organized in apartment buildings, OJSC Management Company will make charges for electrical energy consumed not only in the apartments, but also for the general building needs of the apartment building.

This is interesting: Temporary absence of consumers in residential premises - recalculation procedure for 2021

Electricity itself is by definition a public service. It is provided by the owner of the apartments located in the building. Their legally established duty is to promptly pay incoming bills for the consumption of certain resources. The amount of the fee directly depends on the data of the common house meter and in total cannot exceed the indicators of the mentioned measuring device. Thus, formally, citizens have no reason not to pay.

Judicial precedents At the same time, several years ago, citizens living in the city of Livny, located in the Oryol region, managed to prove in court that they were illegally overcharged for electricity supply to the MOP.

Moreover, the city prosecutor’s office filed a lawsuit against the management company (Zhilservice).

The indignation regarding payment for lighting of common areas began when residents began to receive receipts in which the amount for lighting of common areas exceeded individual consumption. This is where the problem arises. Energy losses in apartment buildings The collective electricity meter shows, in addition to actual readings, electricity losses in intra-house networks that arise for a number of reasons:

Outdated electrical wiring and lack of energy-saving electrical equipment in common areas.

For example, the lack of energy-saving light bulbs. Breakdown of the individual meter.

A faulty meter does not reflect actual resource consumption.

It is worth noting that there have been no fundamental changes in the logic of calculating the share of common house electricity attributable to the owner of the premises in an apartment building even after the entry into force of the new rules for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354. It is important to note that in 2021, there have been major changes in the procedure for payment of ODN by citizens: from July 1, 2021, the provider of public services (this is a homeowners association or management company) does not have the right to present to residents in receipts the volume of ODN, which exceeds the volume of ODN determined using the consumption standard utilities for general house needs. These changes are spelled out in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 29, 2016 No. 603, which amended the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings.” Many Russians have recently become concerned about what this line in the payment receipt is - “MOP electricity”.

This increased interest in most cases is explained simply - the amounts appearing there look quite substantial, and sometimes they are even higher than the basic payment for the used light in the apartment.

First of all, it is worth explaining that the definition of MOP is as follows: “public places.” That is, in this case we mean electricity spent on lighting:

landings;
elevators;
entrances to the entrances;
basements;
attics, etc.

Where did this expense item come from? Now Russia is continuing a comprehensive reform of the housing and communal services sector.

Every month you receive receipts for payment for services consumed. They are awarded to a citizen living in a given residential area. They indicate how much we pay for gas, electricity, water, etc. New samples differ in the set of abbreviations, color (for example, in St. Petersburg - a pink payment card, in other regions - yellow), etc. An example of a receipt will be given below. In case of accrual of illegal amounts, which means if two receipts are received, with double size, etc., then it is necessary to complain to the authorized bodies.

There are several aspects to consider when answering this question. Thus, according to the law, in an apartment building, receipts for payment of utility services are sent and generated by management organizations. They are authorized to calculate the consumption of the following housing and communal services:

for water supply;
per apartment (depending on the number of persons registered there);
for major repairs, etc.

Citizens receive separate receipts for gas and electricity supplies. This is due to the fact that these organizations are direct suppliers of utility services, and therefore charge directly.

A housing and utility bill looks like this: it is a written document that lists the services for which a fee is charged. Tariffs are also indicated there.

The rent act has the following content:

Indication of the payer.
Address and location of residential premises.
The name of the service provider and its bank details.
QR code.
Data on the services provided.
Tariffs that are applied during calculation.
Total amount to be paid.

Depending on the management company, the receipt may also include services for garbage removal, sewerage, general house needs, heating, etc.

Before you understand the difference between these concepts, you need to understand the meaning of this abbreviation.

Housing and communal services is understood as housing and communal services as a branch of the economy engaged in the study and formation of a range of services necessary for the normal life support of the population.

Housing and communal services are housing and communal services, that is, a specific resource provided to citizens - electricity, hot water, etc.

The concept of housing and communal services is much broader than the concept of housing and communal services, and includes, in addition to the list of services, other essential provisions, legal norms, standards, etc.

Depending on the basis on which a citizen owns housing, the receipt may include various elements. This includes rent, capital and current repairs, housing and communal services, etc.

It is also important to determine the basis on which the total amount payable is formed. First of all, the formation of payments is influenced by contracts concluded by citizens and government organizations (for example, a social rental agreement). Particular attention should be paid to regulations adopted in the region on the provision of utility services. You also need to take into account the tariffs in force in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The readings of meters installed in citizens’ apartments are also very important.

In this situation, it is necessary to identify what kind of lease is taking place. If this is a social rental, then the rent for housing is also included in the communal apartment.

In situations where there is a civil lease, the rent is addressed directly to the landlord, and the tenant can actually pay it. These conditions must be specified in the contract. The reverse calculation procedure is also possible.

In the housing and communal services sector, legal regulation includes such legal acts as:

Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Housing Code.
Law on Privatization.
Government decree in the housing and communal services sector.
Private contracts.
Regional legal acts.

It is in these legal documents that tariffs for utility services, the procedure for their payment, the procedure for repaying debt obligations, etc. are reflected.

As a rule, regulation most often occurs at the regional level, so special attention should be paid to the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

A utility bill includes a lot of abbreviations that need to be deciphered and understood. Each abbreviation is designated by a set of letters and has its own name. Let's look at some of them.

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This is a rather specific column in utility bills. SEON stands for unified public information system. As a rule, this includes sending messages to citizens about impending natural disasters, etc.

This is one of the most common columns in a payment order. It stands for the phrase “maintenance of common property.” It obliges citizens to pay mandatory expenses for the needs of common property in the house. SOI includes:

maintenance of stairs;
entrances;
elevators;
attic, etc.

The amount of payment for SOI is determined by an agreement between residents and the management company.

This payment applies only to those houses where an intercom is installed. The abbreviation stands for: “ intercom-locking device ”. In some cases, the fee for ROM is issued as a separate receipt.

Citizens are required to pay for its maintenance and maintenance of normal technical condition.

General house needs are an analogue of SOI . These are also expenses for the maintenance of common property. There are no differences in these abbreviations; it all depends on what set of letters the management organization uses to indicate these expenses in the payment slip.

UUTE in the receipt is responsible for the provision of thermal energy to apartments. It reflects how many resources were supplied and at what tariffs the payment is calculated. The inclusion of UTE occurs depending on the season. Explanation of the abbreviation: the evil of thermal energy metering.

Stands for "additional cable program television systems." This column is not available on payment cards in all regions. It constitutes a fee for the provision of telecommunication services, maintenance of a common house antenna, etc.

DSKPT can be appealed by a citizen in a situation where he uses cable TV and an antenna.

In order to understand what POVK means, you need to refer to the norms of housing legislation. This is an additional fee for providing heat to the apartment. A couple more letters are added to this abbreviation, for example, ТХВ.

APPP involves citizens paying for the development and maintenance of systems that protect the house from sudden fire. Such systems do not protect the apartment itself, but entrances, stairs, attics, etc.

AUR is also a specific line of expenses in payments. This includes a set of payments aimed at ensuring the work of the administrative and management apparatus, for example, a management company.

OPU includes the volume and types of costs for the collection, repair and installation of various metering devices, such as water or gas meters.

This is the “daily consumption on the electric meter”. As a rule, such consumption is not indicated in all regions. The night consumption of the EBDT can also be indicated in a separate line.

TPP includes payment for water - “coolant”.

The interpretation of this concept includes the provision and maintenance of gas equipment. VDGO includes stoves, gas boilers, and water heaters. Citizens are required to pay for inspection, repair and maintenance of these devices.

Citizens are also required to pay for wastewater disposal. Payment for this is charged every month. The management company issues such a receipt and also issues an invoice for the allocation.

DHW and cold water are indicated in a separate column. This is, in essence, the supply of hot and cold water to the apartment. This is done through common pipes.

DHW refers to the provision of hot water supply. The column must be filled out in accordance with legal requirements. There is no charge for the consumption of hot water in situations where there is a hot water heater at home.

This is the supply of cold water to the apartment. Payments are collected based on common metering devices (shared in the building) or on individual ones located in the apartment. The calculation is generated for a certain period.

Abbreviations for heating have already been discussed above. It should be noted that the provision of this service is seasonal and, for example, in the summer, no payment for heat is charged.

The form and form of the payment notice (invoice) is a written act that includes the name of the organization, personal account, indication of the consumer and description of housing and communal services (housing and communal services).

The sample can be downloaded here.

As a rule, a separate receipt for major repairs is not printed. This expense line is included in the overall receipt. The amount of contributions is determined by regional legislation or an agreement with the regional operator. As a rule, these are small amounts of money.

This document is published separately. The law sets the tariff, after which the consumption rate is determined. It can be calculated based on apartment metering devices or common house meters installed in the basement.

Tariffs set by the general consumption rate in the region may also apply . In situations where gas cylinders are used, gas supply fees are not charged.

They play a huge role in determining the amount of payment. Devices must reliably indicate how much of a particular resource was consumed. Testimony is verified periodically by authorized officials.

In a situation where the device is faulty, the consumed resources are accounted for according to the general standards provided for in the region of residence of the citizen.

In this situation, you need to contact either the management company (the one that sent you this receipt with an error) or the resource supply organization. As a rule, a written claim is written with a request for recalculation.

If this does not help, the citizen has the right to complain to Rospotrebnadzor, the prosecutor's office or the court, which will oblige the unscrupulous organization to correct its mistakes.

A reduction in payment can occur for various reasons, for example, due to the fact that the family is low-income, a disabled citizen lives in the apartment, etc. The application must be in writing. It can be submitted either directly to the organization that provides the service or through a multifunctional center. The application can be completed by the resident or a representative.

A sample application for recalculation (reduction) of payment for utility bills can be downloaded here. ⇐

In this matter, the following points need to be taken into account:

You can reduce the fee when providing low-quality services.
In the absence of necessary maintenance of metering devices.
With illegally inflated fees.
In situations where the fee exceeds 20 percent of total income.

Only in these situations can you really count on a reduction in utility bills. Everything happens exclusively at the written request of the person, since the reduction is exclusively of a declarative nature.

Thus, the receipt includes many alphabetic symbols and codes: IPU, IND, ZPU, ADS, AZU, AKHN, BULA, VIC, ASPZ, AHR, IKU, OID, SOID, GUP, etc. Essentially, this is one and the same same name for different utilities. For example, OID and SOID apply to the general property of MKD, IPU and IND - mean payment for metering devices, ZPU and ADS - also to metering devices in terms of sealing.

Calculations

Temporary absence of consumers in residential premises - recalculation procedure for 2021

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Liability for non-payment

Based on agreements with resource supply companies, homeowners' associations and management companies are obligated to pay for the resources provided, since they are providers of utility services. The energy supplier has the right to sue for non-payment with a demand to collect the debt, and the court, in most cases, satisfies these claims. In turn, the management company and the homeowners association file claims to collect the debt from the owner, since it is his responsibility to pay for the utility resource provided to him.

Reforming the housing and communal services brings a number of innovations that residents of the country cannot always immediately understand. The appearance of a new clause “MOP electricity” in the receipt was no exception. Poor awareness of the population about what this service is leads to reluctance to pay for it. Each owner should know that the power supply of premises related to common areas is a service that has always existed, but became a separate type relatively recently, so the responsibility for paying for it lies on his shoulders. To resolve problems or disputes related to the provision of this service, it is recommended to contact the Criminal Code.

Mop decoding in construction: what is a mop in an apartment building

When receiving receipts for housing and communal services, many come across the unfamiliar abbreviation “MOP” without decoding. This line, provided in payment documents, characterizes a certain amount of payments that is indicated in it. In this regard, questions arise related to calculating the amount of money to pay for electricity in an apartment building.

What it is

This abbreviation stands for public areas. Absolutely everyone can use them, but at the same time they are the property of the residents of the house.

In construction, the MOP determines what kind of repairs are made in these places: the complexity of the construction work, the design project and the materials used.

Definition

This name is typical for apartment buildings. Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation specifies the premises of an apartment building (apartment building), which are included in the MOP.

In fact, this includes the entire area of the house, excluding apartments that are the personal property of their owners. Accordingly, all these places must be properly maintained.

They are not part of the apartments, but require constant care and inspection by specialists.

Standards

The standards for maintaining MOP per 1 m² of apartment area vary depending on the management company and region.

This includes:

frequency of implementation of the prescribed work (for example, once a week);
the cost of the services provided (for example, current repair of a power plant - 3.58 rubles).

What's included

The MOP includes the areas of various premises that are in the public domain. They depend on the layout of the house and the places provided by the designer to meet the various needs of the owners.

The general list of MOP areas includes:

stairs and elevators;
dressing rooms for storing things;
attic and boiler room;
roof;
porch;
places intended for smoking, etc.

All the above-mentioned places are designed to create maximum comfort for the residents of the house.

MOP include the provision of the necessary types of work to maintain their normal condition. The normative act establishing the procedure for the use and maintenance of places for public use is the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 491 of August 13, 2006.

Types of jobs:

Identification of malfunctions of any types of equipment and their parts located on the territory of the MOP.
Checking the functionality of lighting devices near and inside entrances.
Inspection of fire-fighting equipment and alarm systems.
Garbage removal.
Landscaping in summer.

Cleaning

Common areas must be cleaned. Its regularity, cost and types of work are specified in the contract with the management company.

Cleaning typically includes:

rodent and insect control;
snow removal from the local area;
grass cutting;
roof cleaning;
maintaining the entrance in proper condition.

If there is a garbage chute, then, accordingly, clean this place as necessary.

Repair

The timing of general capital repairs is established based on the characteristics of the technical operation of various residential buildings. However, employees of the management company, when identifying the need for repair work on equipment, elevators, staircases, etc., are required to immediately take corrective action.

Electricity cost calculation

Most owners have a question: MOP electricity - what is it? Previously, all costs for power supply to common areas were included in the expense column for “and repairs of residential premises,” but with the introduction of appropriate changes they were deducted from there.

The calculation of the payment amount is determined by the area of the apartment. Common property is divided in proportion to the area of each apartment, and not to the number of residents. After the meter readings are taken, they are sent to the management company. She makes a calculation that determines the monthly cost of “Power supply to the MOP”.

When calculating electricity spent on public needs, they rely on the following indicators:

total electricity consumption in the house;
total electricity consumption in all residential premises;
electricity costs of legal entities that are connected to the public network.

Possible problems

When installing additional lighting in common areas or illegally connecting to the power grid, all residents of the house pay the amount of money associated with the leakage of electricity.

Repayment of the bill for the electricity supply of public premises is calculated by square meters: whichever owner has the larger area pays more.

Energy loss accounting

Electricity leakage is usually associated with many unfavorable factors.

For example:

outdated electrical wiring;
lack of energy-saving light bulbs;
meter breakdown;
illegal connection to the network, etc.

To account for energy losses and reduce the amount of payment for electricity supply to the MOP, residents must assemble an initiative group. It will monitor the reading of individual meters by all residents of the house and identify illegal connections to the power grid.

Who pays and how much

All costs associated with the provision of utility services, which include the maintenance of the MOP, are borne by the owners of the premises. This is established by Article 39 clause 1 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

Resolution No. 354 determines that owners are required to pay for electricity supply to the MOP every month, even if they do not live in the given location.

The total number of people registered in a residential premises is not relevant to the lighting of public areas of the house.

Liability for non-payment

Agreements concluded with utility companies provide for liability for failure to fulfill obligations to pay for the resources provided.

If the owner systematically does not pay the required amount of money, then the energy supplier has every right to sue and collect the debt from such person.

As practice shows, in most cases, if the Management Company and the Homeowners Association file claims to collect a debt from the owner, the court satisfies them.

Poor awareness of what the new item that appears on the receipt means means the population is unwilling to pay for it. Every owner must know that lighting of public areas is a paid service that has always existed, but became a separate property relatively recently. Therefore, it is important and necessary to pay for it.

Tricks of management companies

The tricks that management companies resort to include adding additional services to the list of paid services. Therefore, in many apartment buildings a “house council” has been created. He checks the management company's action report.

The following are subject to verification:

services for which funds collected from residents were spent;
proper execution of the management agreement;
list of services provided by the management company.

Payment for electricity in a separate column on the receipt

OJSC Tulaenergosbyt: Payment for electricity at the MOP in Bogoroditsk was carried out according to the law

The day before, we reported that 75 residents of house No. 19 of the Western microdistrict of the city of Bogoroditsk signed an appeal addressed to the governor of the Tula region Vladimir Gruzdev, State Duma deputy Oleg Lebedev, head of the administration of the Bogoroditsky district Vadim Igonin, Bogoroditsky interdistrict prosecutor Svetlana Ivanova and the head of the Novomoskovsky interdistrict department OJSC Tulaenergosbyt Alexander Glukhov. In their appeal, they complain about the incorrect calculation of monthly fees for electricity consumption in public areas (CP). According to residents, appeals to the local branch of Tulaenergosbyt, to the head of the Novomoskovsk interdistrict branch of OJSC Tulaenergosbyt A.V. Glukhov were unsuccessful.

The settlement mechanism is not a secret. The total volume of consumed electrical energy, determined based on the readings of a common building meter, is distributed among the owners of premises in an apartment building in the manner established by paragraphs. 1, clause 3 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules.

Calculation of electricity for MOP (2010-2012)

Good evening. We live in the city of Yelets, a five-story, two-entrance apartment building, without an elevator, intercom, equipped with gas stoves and gas water heaters (in the distant nineties it had the status of a hostel). the apartments in the house are divided into approximately 80% privatized and 20% non-privatized. Our house is serviced by a management company (MC). Currently, as of June 2013, the receipt from the MC for repairs and maintenance of housing shows the amounts (debt for consumed electricity, in common areas use for the period from July 2011 to June 2012) during this period we paid the UK a receipt for the repair and maintenance of housing (according to the number of square meters of occupied space) and the energy company for the supplied electricity according to the meter\\according to the standards for those who do not have a tttttttttttipu (individual metering device ). At that time, the metering device (general metering device) was not installed in our house. The first thing I did was collect my receipts for paying for electricity for this period, and calculated how much light I turned on in my apartment according to the meter during this time (year), it equals 1073.7 kWh. The area of my apartment is 25.4. 3 people are registered, the apartment is not privatized at that time. The residential area of the house is 2728.15, non-residential area is 369 sq.m. in the recalculation column for the MOP, I was given the amount of 1823.97 rubles divided by 2.32. (the current tariff at that time was 2.32 rubles) it turns out that I have to pay for the MOP for 786.2 kW. I began to doubt whether I really have to pay so much. I read a little on the Internet on these topics, found Resolution 307, looked at the formula, but I can’t understand how to calculate the MOP if there is no communal meter, but there is an apartment meter. There are no specific papers in the UC, and they verbally refuse to explain and show with a specific example how and what to calculate. I wrote a written statement with questions: 1. Provide monthly meter readings if you had one at that time. 2. On what basis\\formula was this debt divided. 3. how exactly it was divided in relation to my apartment. 4. provide me with data on the receipt and expenditure of money for paying for repairs and maintenance of housing for 2011 and 2012. 5. provide information on the installation of a common house meter for our house. to which I received the answer: that Energy LLC (we will call it that) filed a lawsuit against our management company for the collection of debt for electricity consumption, then our management company included it in its receipts on the basis of the determination that the decision of the arbitration court of our region came into force (from July 1 2011 to June 30, 2012) the management company paid the energy sales company the debt for the supply of electricity to our microcontroller. the calculation of the debt was carried out in accordance with Resolution 307. Based on the absence of a utility service, the volume of utility resources supplied to MK is possible to determine only by using the approved standards for utility services, we can conclude that the use in this situation of clause 19, not equipped with utility services but partially equipped tttttttttttipu.apply simultaneously paragraphs 16,19,22 and 23. for premises equipped ttttttttttttipu based on the testimony ttttttttttttipu with the condition of adjustment to the amount of consumers’ obligations to pay the full amount of resources consumed by them not only for personal needs but also for MOP, as well as losses in intra-house networks (in in accordance with clause 23 and formula 9. in this case, the difference between the calculated standard volume of utility services supplied at the entrance to the house!! and the total volume of utility services consumed in all premises except for the MOP, is distributed monthly between premises equipped with the type, in proportion to the readings These devices: a common house electricity meter was installed in your house in July 2012. Explain to me how I can personally determine how much we were given for input. where can I find this or how to calculate it? Did I understand correctly that these costs should be paid only by those apartments who have a tttttttttttipu? then they gave me a monthly payment for my apartment!!

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June. 103.45 (according to ttttttttttttttype) 113.37 to MOP. coefficient =2.09594. please help me, I can’t figure this out at all, why is the coefficient set? initiator..and why did they pay more for the MOP quotas than for the apartment itself? I was also given an extract from the personal account for the house for the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 (for the year) (for 2011, according to my application, they did not provide me with data.) The credit here is as follows = the number of registered residents is 157 hours. paid area of the house is 2728.15 sq.m. personal accounts 109. debt due to residents as of January 1, 2012 = 41,309.32 rubles.

About payment for electricity MOP

Why are there no explanations anywhere for the population and for housing and communal services officials who are developing energy saving programs about the fact that communal electricity meters must be installed with two tariffs. You explained about individual two-tariff meters, but not about communal meters. At the same time, according to this program, which was discussed in the article, it is necessary to replace meters in all houses with two-tariff ones. And to the population too. Then there will be real savings and benefits for the population. And now, for sure, the distribution organizations pay for wholesale electricity at daytime and nighttime tariffs, and charge the population at daytime rates, since everyone has the same tariff meters in the city, and they put the difference in their pockets. Moreover, they charge additionally according to the general public transport plan, again without taking into account the night tariff - the payment is made at the expensive daytime tariff! Why is this subtlety about two tariffs, night and day, not visible in the articles? Have they banned energy drinks so that their official legal source of fees from the population does not come to light, which can be officially appropriated without giving them to suppliers? Two-tariff communal meters and additional charges for the utility bill will be reduced; the coefficient will always be less than one. By the way, why don’t they reduce the meter readings for residents right now if the control center showed less than the residents? I would like to read your opinion and the official comments on this matter from officials and power engineers. Let them specifically tell me what the debts are and where is the bonus from the difference in tariffs? Doesn’t it cover the need for supplementary training? Where are the calculations?

From January 16, 2008, a new fee for the maintenance and repair of residential premises was established, in which the fee for lighting of common areas is not included, since this is a public service and must be paid separately.