Its warmth. Who will be transferred to individual heating?

Utility bills for heating increase annually for heating apartments in an apartment building. Then citizens begin to look for solutions regarding heat and start saving, calculating the benefits of individual heating.

According to many years of practice, people who have abandoned centralized heating, having paid the full amount once and collected many documents, quickly recoup the invested amount. In this case, future payments for housing and communal services will be saved. But such a procedure has its downsides.

Why do people turn off central heating?

• Raising tariffs. Previously, they were much lower and satisfied the population. In addition to the cost of energy, there must be payment for many other expenses:
• Repair work on maintenance and periodic replacement of the heating main. This issue also includes the cost of technical equipment in the process of excavating trenches, the price of pipes, the thermal insulation process, and other aspects.
• Heat is lost during the transition from CHP to final consumption. Heat, which endlessly dissipates in the air and does not bring any benefit, must also be paid for.
• Repair work with maintenance of shut-off valves in a heating unit, calculation of the diameter of nozzles in an elevator and a large number of other related works.
• In addition, residents maintain numerous equipment of the head of the official, etc.

Advantages of switching your home to individual heating

When installing this type of heating in an apartment building, citizens receive more benefits for themselves:

In this case, individual heating in apartments has a more optimal combination of not only the technical side (heat flow is regulated, reliable heat supply), but also the economic side (payments are significantly reduced during the heating season, heat losses are absent or eliminated).

Is individual heating necessary?

Being the owners of treasured square meters in an apartment building, residents often think about the commensurability of the services provided with the total numbers in the payment receipts. This becomes especially noticeable during the heating season. On cold days, it is not uncommon to wait for the central heating to be turned on. And during this period, heat your apartment with additional electrical appliances. Or vice versa, when the heat, for which you pay out of your own pocket, has to be released onto the street.

The presence of negative facts leads to the fact that residents of apartment buildings are thinking about a different heating method. Individual heating is the choice of the majority. At the same time, the transition from centralized to individual heating, despite the expensive cost of the necessary equipment, pays off quite quickly by limiting heat loss and heat consumption.

Since the reconstruction of the apartment requires permission from the relevant authorities, even before installing the boiler it is worth responsibly studying the technical and legal aspects of the issue. On the technical side, heating equipment manufacturers have tried their best and introduced a wide range of heating systems to the market. The instructions for which already specify the rules of operation and installation. But the legal side includes the availability of a permit for installation and documents for putting the premises into operation.

Individual apartment heating on the right side

The procedure is complicated by the fact that individual apartment heating (in most cases natural gas) is connected after receiving permission from the local government. In this case, it is necessary to collect the signatures of each neighbor, which is quite difficult.

The municipality, after many appeals, may agree. It will be necessary to collect all the documentation, the architect’s conclusion about the possible reconstruction of residential property, as well as the gas service agreement. All this gives reasons for municipalities to refuse. They refer to federal laws.

Permission to carry out individual heating at home is often obtained through legal proceedings. They resort to such a decision only if there are no legal grounds for refusal.

Lawyers' answers 2

Hello.
They may achieve it, or they may not. ARBITRATION COURT OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS DISTRICT

DECISION of October 26, 2015 in case No. A15-36/2015 The transition to autonomous heating of residential premises in an apartment building requires reconstruction of the residential premises, and therefore it must be carried out in accordance with the norms of Chapter 4 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter - Housing Code). At the same time, the resolution of the issue of switching to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy is entrusted by federal legislation to local governments. The possibility of switching to heating using individual apartment sources of thermal energy is provided for by Federal Law No. 190-FZ of July 27, 2010 “On Heat Supply” (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 190-FZ). In accordance with Article 26 of the Housing Code, the reconstruction of residential premises is carried out in compliance with the requirements of the law in agreement with the local government body on the basis of a decision made by it (Part 1). According to paragraph 15 of Article 14 of Law N 190-FZ, it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of thermal energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connection (technological connection) to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if carried out in proper manner the procedure for connection (technological connection) to heat supply systems of apartment buildings, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply diagram. This norm is of a reference nature and establishes a ban on the use of individual residential sources of thermal energy only if such sources of thermal energy are included in the list defined by paragraph 44 of the Rules for connecting to heat supply systems, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 16, 2012 N 307 ( hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 307). Cases determined by the heat supply scheme are exceptional and are taken into account when the general rule provided for in paragraph 15 of Article 14 of Law N 190-FZ is not applicable to the situation under consideration. In accordance with paragraph 44 of Rules No. 307, the list of individual apartment sources of thermal energy that are prohibited from being used for heating residential premises in apartment buildings if there is a properly connected connection to heat supply systems, with the exception of cases determined by the heat supply diagram, includes sources of thermal energy operating on natural gas that do not meet the following requirements: the presence of a closed (sealed) combustion chamber; the presence of automatic safety equipment that ensures that the fuel supply is stopped when the electrical power supply is stopped, in the event of a malfunction of the protection circuits, when the burner flame goes out, when the coolant pressure drops below the maximum permissible value, when the maximum permissible coolant temperature is reached, as well as in the event of a violation of smoke removal; coolant temperature - up to 95 degrees Celsius; coolant pressure - up to 1 MPa. Having established that the heating device in apartment No. 65 of building No. 28 on Khalilov Street in Kaspiysk does not fall under the list of prohibited use for heating residential premises in apartment buildings if there is a properly connected connection to the heat supply systems, the compliance of its installation in the apartment with the design documentation, technical conditions, building codes and regulations, fire safety standards, absence of violations of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens, as well as threats to their life and health, the administration issued a resolution dated October 30, 2014 N 1028.

Client clarification

Hello, Thanks for the quick response.

Let me clarify, if I understood correctly from the answer, then in a similar situation they were not forced to redo it, provided that all work was carried out in accordance with the issued design documentation and checked by employees of the gas supervisory service.

But is there still a possibility of a negative answer?

Individual apartment heating: how not to break the Law when transferring an apartment to individual heating.

How to disconnect

By law, individual heating can be installed in an apartment, unlike in some neighboring countries. To switch to individual heating in an apartment building, an application is submitted to refuse centralized heat. This agreement is obtained and an application is submitted to install individual heat in the premises into the electrical network.

Depending on what type of heating will be used, the cost of installation is determined. The service is not cheap, and sometimes it is even more expensive than centralized heating. But at the same time, citizens guarantee themselves long-term savings on utility bills.

• When installing a gas boiler for installation, many formalities are observed:
• A corresponding appeal is submitted to the gas department.
• Documentation is obtained from the fire service regarding checking the serviceability of the chimney and ventilation.
• They collect permission from their neighbors in writing; a signature is enough to provide individual heat to the apartment.

This is an important aspect, since after switching to this type of heating, many central heating failures entail a system failure.

• It is necessary to obtain information regarding the management of pipes and batteries. When in a household, each neighbor must find permission for this. If you are in a civil service department, you must submit an application requesting deactivation.
• The city heating network gives permission for drawing up and approving diagrams and plans before installing individual heating into the premises.

All necessary documentation for the transition process from centralized heating is prepared. To do this, the relevant laws are studied:

• Federal Law No. 190 dated July 27, 2010;
• Government Decree of the Russian Federation No. 307 dated April 16, 2012;
• Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

Installation is recommended to save money and time of an electric boiler. It is necessary to submit an application and transfer this petition to the electrical network in the area. If the technical conditions are met, the permit will be issued soon. But the heat that is generated in this position comes at a higher cost for thermal energy, when compared with centralization.

Official website Public Chamber of the Ulyanovsk Region

February 12, 2015

Modernization of heating systems of apartment buildings and their transfer to individual heating became the subject of discussion at the meeting of the Commission of the Public Chamber of the Ulyanovsk Region on the development of social infrastructure, housing and communal services and local government held on February 11, 2015.

Opening the event, the moderator of the meeting, Deputy Chairman of the profile commission of the OP UO Anatoly Storozhkov , noted that in 2014-2015. In many municipalities in the region, it is planned or is already underway to transfer apartments in apartment buildings to individual heating. Despite the promise of such measures in terms of improving the quality of heat supply and reducing service fees for the population, recently government structures, supervisory and control bodies, and the regional Public Chamber have received appeals from citizens indicating shortcomings of municipal authorities in the transition of housing to individual heating . In order to study the situation in particularly “problematic” settlements, eliminate existing shortcomings and avoid their occurrence in the future, it was decided to bring the issue to a meeting of the Commission of the OP UO for the development of social infrastructure, housing and communal services and local government.

Taking the floor, Deputy Minister of Construction, Housing and Communal Services and Transport of the Ulyanovsk Region Sergei Noskov emphasized that the transfer of apartment buildings to individual gas heating (IGO) is one of the most effective schemes, since there are no losses for heat transportation.

“The Ulyanovsk region already has experience in converting apartment buildings to individual gas heating, and this is primarily due to the high costs of maintaining and operating critically worn-out and inefficient gas boiler houses, heating networks and, accordingly, the high cost of thermal energy for the population. Since 2014, active work has been underway to transfer apartment buildings in municipalities to apartment heating. Thus, in the village of Zelenaya Roshcha, Ulyanovsk district, 8 out of 384 apartments remain to be converted to IGO; currently, explanatory work is continuing with residents. In the village Melovaya in Novoulyanovsk, out of 230 apartments, only 14 remain to be transferred. In the r.p. Terenga and in the village. Beketovka, Veshkaimsky district, 100% of the volume of work planned for 2014 has been completed - boilers have been installed in 195 and 29 apartments, respectively. In r.p. Staraya Maina has completed the conversion of 20 apartments to IGO, the owners decided to leave stove heating in two and electric heating in another,” the speaker informed.

According to Sergei Noskov, the transition to individual gas heating of multi-apartment residential buildings is being carried out with the closure of unprofitable district boiler houses. Currently it is carried out in the village. Yazykovo and r.p. Karsun Municipal Municipality "Karsun district", village. Tushna Municipal Municipality “Sengileevsky District”, r.p. Novospasskoye, village Krasnoselsk, village Krupzavod, village Repyevka, s. Factory settlements of the Municipal Municipality "Novospassky District", etc. According to the calculations, it has been established that the amount of payment for consumed gas for citizens in whose houses boilers will be installed will be 1.5-3.5 times lower than for centralized thermal energy.

In response to a question from Public Chamber member Alexander Potapov about the cost of equipment for transferring one apartment to IGO, the Deputy Minister of Construction, Housing and Communal Services and Transport said that on average its price is 50-80 thousand rubles. Citizens for whom it is difficult to find such an amount on their own (large families, pensioners, etc.) are allocated subsidies from municipal budgets, while others are offered to obtain targeted loans from banks on preferential terms. The costs of transferring municipal housing to CHI are borne entirely by municipalities.

Vladimir Morev , a member of the Public Chamber of the Ulyanovsk District municipality : “After transferring most houses to individual gas heating, it turns out that only the apartments themselves are heated, and stairwells, basements and other rooms where utilities are located are not heated in any way, whereas the temperature in them, according to the standard, should be at least 16 degrees Celsius. Freezing out common areas during the cold season is dangerous, as it can lead, for example, to burst pipes in basements or other serious problems for residents.”

As a comment, Sergei Noskov stated that when transferring an apartment building to individual heating, local authorities need to insulate window and door openings in order to prevent freezing of the sewerage and cold water supply systems. He also said that in some houses in Ulyanovsk the problem is solved in the following way: on their own, residents install an electric boiler in the entrance and pay for the consumed resources based on the individual areas of their apartments.

“Under such conditions, it will be expensive for residents of houses where there are few apartments, and these are the ones that predominate in rural areas, to pay for heating the staircases,” said Vladimir Morev. – There are other aspects. It is no secret that in many small settlements there are interruptions in the supply of electricity, in the absence of which electric heating boilers will not be able to work. Additionally, individuals—such as senior citizens—may not understand how to use the equipment, which can be dangerous for them and their neighbors.”

Based on the first remark, the speaker explained that local authorities should hold meetings with the population, explain all possible options to provide a choice whether people want to pay extra for heating common areas or whether it is enough, for example, to insulate the walls of the house. Moreover, any technical solution adopted must be agreed upon with the owners. As for the operation of the equipment, Sergey Noskov continued, using modern boilers is quite simple, and many models have a self-shutdown function in case of emergencies.

Next, Anatoly Storozhkov asked whether the relevant ministry had considered the prospect of transferring apartment buildings to heat supply from autonomous heat sources to each apartment building in the form of attached or attic gas boiler houses. Sergey Noskov reported that the mechanism for converting apartment buildings according to the above option, which is indeed the most economically and technologically advantageous, is being tested today using the example of the Baryshsky district, where a decision was made to switch two apartment buildings to heat supply from attached boiler houses as part of the investment project of Testim LLC. .

Sergei Gigirev also voiced his position : “When transferring apartment buildings to individual heating, it is very important to convey to the owners the information that after installing the equipment they can save significant money - instead of paying 1500-2200 rubles per month for heating about 1000 rub./month. Regarding the heating of common areas, I would like to clarify that in most houses converted to IHS, it is indeed not carried out, but there have never been any cases of freezing in basements. As for attached boiler houses, we calculated that their equipment will cost residents of a separate apartment approximately 35 thousand rubles, which is significantly cheaper than the amount that would be required to purchase an individual boiler.”

“It is obvious that when drawing up the program for modernizing heating systems, the issue of heating the common areas of apartment buildings was not properly worked out,” Gennady Antontsev, chairman of the Committee on Housing Policy, Housing and Communal Services and Energy of the Legislative Assembly of the Ulyanovsk Region, shared his opinion . In response to his request to clarify who is primarily responsible for converting apartment buildings to individual heating, Sergei Noskov emphasized that this task is being implemented by municipal administrations, but no decision is made on any house without an examination by specialists from the regional Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services and Transport.

Next, Anatoly Storozhkov gave the floor to the manager for the Terengul urban settlement, Valentina Vechkutova , who told how the process of transferring apartment buildings to individual heating in the urban settlement is going on. Terenga. “In 2014, we switched 172 apartments to IHS; work remains in another 421. The need to switch to individual heating is caused by the deterioration of district boiler houses, where the volume of coolant leakage is 4.5 times higher than the standard value. A particularly acute situation has developed in the microdistrict of st. Komarov, where 304 apartments have already been transferred to IGO, and another 96 need it. We have 21 apartments in the risk group, where the owners have so far refused to switch to individual heating. It is planned to install electric boilers in four non-privatized apartments in the microdistrict and pay for the consumed electricity at the expense of the municipality, said Valentina Vechkutova. “I would like to note that common areas in houses converted to IHS in Terenga are not heated, but over the past 8 years not a single emergency case related to this circumstance has been recorded.”

The topic was continued by the Head of the Administration of the Moscow Region “Mr. Novoulyanovsk" Svetlana Kosarinova . She informed that the greatest concern is in the Melovoy village of Novoulyanovsk, where 14 apartments remain to be converted to individual gas heating, the owners of three of which categorically refuse to purchase equipment at their own expense. At the same time, at citizens’ gatherings, residents of apartments previously transferred to IGO repeatedly expressed sincere gratitude to the local authorities. Alexander Potapov called on the speaker to pay close attention to the “refuseniks,” to help them financially, and also to prevent neighbors of unheated apartments from suffering and being forced to bear additional losses.

Summing up the discussion, the Chairman of the Commission for the Development of Social Infrastructure, Housing and Communal Sector and Local Government of the Public Chamber of the Ulyanovsk Region, Vyacheslav Yarosh, noted the need for the regional Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Sector and Transport to develop a document indicating the procedure for transferring apartment buildings to individual heating, so that municipal administrations could be guided in their work.

“Our common goal is to provide owners with maximum safety and comfortable living. It is obvious that the transfer of apartment buildings to IGO is an effective mechanism, especially in small settlements where the maintenance of centralized boiler houses is unprofitable. However, when installing apartment heating, it is important for authorities at all levels to think about ways to reduce the financial burden on owners, who today are forced to buy boilers at their own expense. For safety reasons, it is necessary to install gas analyzers or other equipment to block the operation of boilers in case of emergency situations,” emphasized Vyacheslav Yarosh.

According to the chairman of the profile commission of the OP UO, one of the key areas of work for officials at all levels has been and remains to increase the level of legal and technical literacy of homeowners. In particular, in pursuance of Federal Law No. 261-FZ of November 23, 2009 “On energy saving and increasing energy efficiency and on introducing amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation,” citizens should be provided with information on ways to save energy and fuel resources, in particular, about the possibilities of installing apartment heating systems, two-phase electricity meters, etc.

Stages

First of all, the gas heating project is completed. To do this, a citizen goes to the company that supplies gas. Workers of this service determine a scheme for autonomous heating of a residential building according to specific technical conditions. One of the most important issues is maintaining the level of gas pipeline pressure. If the operation of the boiler is not ensured, the company may refuse to provide gas heating.

In this case, a different coolant system is selected. In this case, citizens are faced with the choice of an electric boiler or floor insulation.

Before contacting the gas company, you must collect the following documents:

1. technical passport of the property, which indicates the fact of shutdown of the centralized heating system;
2. passport data indicating citizenship, TIN;
3. boiler passport in the form of a photocopy, as well as detailed contents of installation instructions;
4. payment is confirmed.

Important!. It was mandatory to conclude an agreement with the company supplying heat. Otherwise, the citizen will face punishment.

It is prohibited to install equipment until permission is obtained. The legislation of the Russian Federation provides clear regulations regarding the arrangement of autonomous apartment heating. For gas boilers, there are restrictions on the tightness of the combustion chamber, with cooled paths, removing carbon monoxide. Failure to comply with these conditions will result in a refusal.

Respect for nuances

Before making the transition to individual heating of an apartment building, it is necessary to take into account the requirements imposed by law in the apartment where the unit is supposed to be installed:

• The area of ​​the room should be 4 m2, ceiling height 2.5 m.
• Doors should not be less than 80 cm in width. The room itself must have at least one source of lighting.
• The boiler should not be placed next to a heater or gas stove. They should be installed at a distance of 30 cm.
• The boiler is installed exclusively on a load-bearing wall.
• Before fixing the device, the optimal location is selected. It is located at a level of one and a half meters.
• If the owner carries out individual apartment heating with his own hands, then he must clearly study the instructions that come with the unit. In relation to a gas boiler, it is necessary that the connection be made by an experienced specialist.

What problems does an unauthorized and uncontrolled transition to individual heating create?

Currently, a situation has arisen where local governments, making positive decisions to transfer individual apartments to individual heating, actually contribute to negative changes in centralized heating systems, both individual apartment buildings and entire neighborhoods. The Federal Law “On Heat Supply” (Clause 15, Article 14) does not exclude a complete transfer to autonomous heating of apartment buildings, but introduces serious restrictions on the adoption of such decisions by individual homeowners, without taking into account the interests of other residents and without compliance with the heat supply scheme approved by the municipality.

Switching to autonomous heating of a single apartment in an apartment building leads to a change in the heat balance and disruption of the building's engineering system, leading to a significant increase in gas consumption, which existing gas pipelines are often not designed for.

In addition, Vladimirteplogaz LLC receives numerous complaints from residents who bear the burden of paying for heating costs for the common property of the house. After all, apartment owners who have installed autonomous heating devices spend money only on the gas they consume. An example from the village of Novlyanka, Selivanovsky district: in an 18-apartment building there were only 3 apartments left, the owners of which were unable to switch to individual heating due to the high cost. Since a heat meter is installed in the house, its readings are divided into these 3 apartments - the amounts in the receipts already reach 12 (!) thousand rubles. This is a real disaster, since people are hostage to the situation and cannot pay - as a result, the debts of thermal workers to the gas supply organization increase sharply.

There is one more problem: further mass and uncontrolled transition of individual apartments to individual heating may lead to the failure of individual boiler houses included in the overall heat supply system. A similar situation arose in Gorokhovets: after the local administration uncontrolledly approved the transfer of apartments to autonomous heating, the load on one of the boiler houses on Gagarin Street in the fall was only 3%. This jeopardizes the start of the heating season in a particular microdistrict, since with such a low load there will be problems with the startup and safe operation of the boiler room.

To avoid more serious problems, it is necessary to stop this uncontrolled process and organize an agreed procedure for transferring apartment buildings to individual heating. Municipalities must develop and adopt a regulatory act containing a complete list of necessary documents and the procedure for approving permitting documentation that gives the right to transfer housing in apartment buildings to individual heating. After all, the authorities, the heating companies, and the gas supply organization will only benefit from this.

Three popular questions

Question No. 1: Are there fines if the points are not followed ? According to current legislation, citizens who do not receive permission or are refused are subject to administrative liability. If, after paying the fine, citizens do not change the situation, the case is sent to court and a criminal investigation begins.

Question #2: How much will installation cost? At the moment, the full price will cost at least 80 thousand. The price will depend on the area.

Question No. 3: Natural gas or electric carrier? Natural gas has no alternative option since the use of individual electric heating is limited.