Asphalting the local area of ​​an apartment building: which asphalt is better for the yard

What should be the thickness of crushed stone for asphalt?

If we talk about roads on which cars drive, including multi-ton trucks, and not about pedestrian paths, then the preparation technology before laying asphalt is much more complicated. If the fertile layer of soil has already been removed and the sand cushion has already been compacted, then the next stage will be crushed stone flooring. Crushed stone will be required in different fractions. The total layer should be 25-35 cm. The first layer of crushed stone should be from a fraction of 40-70 mm. It will also serve as drainage from groundwater. It will be about 20 cm. The next layer of the 20-40 mm fraction is 5-10 cm thick. This smaller crushed stone will ensure even distribution of the load when rolling the road. Many builders also lay down a third layer from a fraction of 5-20 mm up to 5 cm thick. Now you can lay the asphalt.

The thickness of the cushion of crushed stone and asphalt layer depends on the expected load on the road surface. If the asphalt path is for pedestrians and cyclists, then a thickness of a layer of crushed stone (middle fraction) of 15 centimeters is sufficient, on which only one layer of asphalt is laid.

Prices for paving courtyards and adjacent areas per m2

Paving technology

The final stage is laying asphalt, which is thoroughly mixed with fine sand and stone flour. This mixture is heated to the desired temperature and laid in layers. Each of them should be approximately seven centimeters thick. An asphalt paver is used during the laying process. This serious equipment is equipped with many sensors and its own computer. Upon completion of the process, the finished coating is again watered with bitumen emulsion.

1. Hot type coatings. They are laid at temperatures above 140 degrees. This requires special equipment. Hot asphalt pavement is highly durable, so it is used for laying roads, city streets and squares.
2. Cold asphalt. This type of mixture is also called warm, and it is prepared using bitumen, which has a reduced viscosity. Cold material is laid at a temperature of 80 to 120 degrees. Asphalt coatings of this kind are most often used in courtyards, playgrounds, sidewalks and other places that are not subject to heavy loads.

Causes of asphalt destruction

In the context of asphalt in yards, the main cause of its deterioration is considered to be weather conditions, particularly water. It gets into the cavities of the canvas and helps wash out the base. Another “enemy” of asphalt concrete is salt. It is used in the cold season as a means of removing ice.

The human factor also affects the service life of an asphalt road. Many cracks appear due to the low level of professionalism of workers. Improper preparation of the base, failure to take into account the characteristics of a particular site, poor-quality previous repair of asphalt in the yard - all this leads to the destruction of the coating.

Road works technologies

Proportions and manufacturing standards are regulated by GOST, but many manufacturers ignore this rule and use cheap substitutes. This does not reflect well on the quality of the asphalt mixture, so it is preferable to order this product from truly trusted companies, for example, representative offices.

1. First class coatings. They are used for laying routes and can withstand heavy loads. The technology involves the use of mineral filler up to four centimeters in size. Such coatings can withstand the weight of loaded vehicles and intensive use.
2. Second class coatings. They are used for paving squares, sidewalks and pedestrian roads. The largest inclusions of the asphalt mixture reach 25 mm.
3. Third class coatings. The priority in this case will be the plasticity of the mixture. Mineral particles of minimal size (up to 15 mm), which allows for a tight fit of the composition. This type of coating is used for non-vehicular use (private courtyards, institutional areas, sports grounds).

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Laying asphalt

As soon as the asphalt is delivered to you by dump truck, you must immediately begin laying it. You can use an asphalt paver for these purposes. Narrow paths are covered with asphalt using a shovel, and then compacted using a vibrating plate. Based on the thickness of the asphalt, immediately after spreading it over the surface, compaction should immediately begin with self-propelled or manual devices.

2. Preparing the base for laying asphalt. In order to do a good asphalt laying with your own hands, you need to lay a solid foundation. The base for the road surface can be rigid (road slabs) or flexible (sand, crushed stone or gravel). If the load on the coating is low with low traffic intensity, these base parameters will suit you. In the area of ​​the entrance to the house, pour crushed granite stone of a fraction of 40 - 60 mm . (layer thickness 15 cm). For pedestrian paths and areas, an embankment of 5-10 cm will be sufficient. Crushed stone requires compaction and compaction, as well as uniform distribution. It is important to note that laying a larger layer is not advisable. After laying coarse crushed stone, it is followed by laying granite crushed stone of a smaller fraction of 20 - 40 mm. Its thickness is about 10 cm, the last layer is river sand. It is advisable to spill the entire flooring with water so that it settles and becomes more durable.

Asphalting the local area of ​​an apartment building: what residents need to know

A well-kept yard is not only pleasing to the eye. Rational paving of the local area of ​​an apartment building ensures cleanliness in the entrance. Covered areas of sidewalks and driveways reduce the amount of dust in the air. This indicator is especially important for small residents and allergy sufferers. How to cover the local area with asphalt? Who pays for expensive work? What do residents need to do to ensure that the coating lasts a long time and does not “fall off” along with the snow? These questions are relevant for many owners. We'll tell you how to get your yard in order.

Who should do the asphalting of the local area?

Residents of apartment buildings must learn the main legal norm: taking care of their property, and this includes the local area included in the cadastral passport of a residential property, falls entirely on their shoulders.
This is a requirement of the Housing Code. The algorithm of actions includes seven steps :

1. A working (initiative) group of residents of a high-rise building is created, which encourages the inert mass of residents to action with the idea of ​​paving the sites.
2. At a meeting in person or in absentia, the majority favorably perceives the neighbors’ proposal.
3. The proposal is submitted to the management company.
4. An estimate is drawn up.
5. A special account is opened for the work.
6. A contractor is selected who will asphalt the house on a contractual basis.
7. Residents accept the property and pay the contractor.

Asphalting for budget money

“It’s difficult, but possible,” competent owners share their experience. There are programs in the regions to create a comfortable environment. Getting there is not just luck, but having information and submitting a timely application to the municipality.

The latter develops criteria for selecting the “lucky” ones, for example:

• Participation in general cleanup days;
• Willingness to contribute a bit of your own funds in addition to the budget;
• Maintaining the yard is in exemplary condition.

How to asphalt the local area?

Do not try to roll all open areas of land into asphalt.
Take a rational approach to the improvement of paths to avoid excessive financial burden. Experts advise carrying out road work in the following areas :

1. Where it is planned to park in the local area for residents' cars.
2. Paths leading to recreation areas.
3. An area near the entrance.
4. The blind area around the MKD.

The optimal dimensions of asphalt areas have been developed. For example, the blind area is made at least 100 centimeters wide so that it serves as a sidewalk. The size of the area in front of the entrance can reach up to 500 centimeters. Pedestrian paths are made so wide that cleaning equipment can pass through them.

For many residents of high-rise buildings, the arrangement of playgrounds in their yards is a sore point. We described how to legally and competently solve this problem in a separate article. How to find out the local area of ​​an apartment building in more detail here. Residents of high-rise buildings should know what part of the land belongs to them by right.

Which asphalt is best for the yard?

So, let's figure out which asphalt is better?
Conscientious road repair companies will never offer you to lay asphalt suitable for the roadway in order to increase the cost of the work. Ideal for yard “clothes” - a fine-grained mixture. The top layer of asphalt concrete is made from medium-sized “grain”: gravel with a diameter of up to 20 mm. What does this give? Smooth surface that is easy to clean. It has a long service life and an affordable price. Before laying the finishing layer, a certain amount of time passes from the start of work, which is necessary for the installation of the lower layers :

• excavation;
• sand layer;
• crushed stone base;
• installation of curbs.

What is the difference between asphalt paving and asphalt patching?

If road workers make a high-quality surface, you will forget about potholes and potholes in your yard for a long time. The top layer has begun to “crumble” - ask the management company for patching repairs in compliance with the “patching” technology. First, the lower base is leveled, compacted, and only then the holes are filled with hot or cold asphalt.

The management company carries out repair work for a separate fee from residents, unless otherwise provided by an additional agreement.

Typically, covering the local area with asphalt occurs like this:

Conclusion

It is quite possible for residents of an apartment building to lay good asphalt in the yard using municipal funds and their own funds. Control all stages of work, include warranty periods in the contract, and your yard will become a hallmark of the respectability of the residents.

What is a lawn in a yard, read our article.

For additional information on this issue, please refer to the “Home Management” section here.

Popular about asphalt laying technology

The work itself begins with a device, the so-called earthen trough. New asphalt pavement should generally be flush with the rest of the surface, so all layers of crushed stone and asphalt should go deeper. Therefore, throughout the entire territory, soil is selected to a depth equal to the total thickness of the future coating. After the soil has been selected, it is advisable to compact the bottom of the trough by walking over it with a road roller or vibrating plate.

Landscaping is a serious matter. And although it will almost certainly be asphalt concrete specialists who will be paving your yard, it will be useful for you, as the owner-customer, to familiarize yourself with the basics of asphalt laying technology in order to assess the professional level of your contractors and to simply navigate the process.

Stages of laying asphalt in the local area

Asphalting of the local area of ​​an apartment building is carried out according to the same scheme as the asphalt of other roads:

1. cleaning the area from debris and contamination;
2. removal of old coating;
3. ground leveling;
4. creating a foundation;
5. paving of courtyard roads;
6. arrangement;
7. garbage removal.

Laying asphalt in the local area takes about 3-5 days. The timing depends on the area and complexity of asphalting. In a small area, you can pave the yard within two days. On the first day, preparatory work is carried out, and on the second, the asphalt surface is laid.

Asphalting the yard of a private house: more about the process

When the base is ready for asphalting, the asphalt mass must be poured into several small piles. This is done to ensure uniform distribution over the paved area of ​​the yard. Next, the mass needs to be scattered with a shovel and distributed evenly on all sides: 5 cm thick in the yard and pedestrian paths, 10 cm in places of car passages.

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For example, if an area near a house is being prepared for parking and driving a car, then it is necessary to asphalt it in two layers, and the crushed stone base should reach from 25 cm to half a meter. And when paving pedestrian paths, you don’t have to build a serious foundation; only 10 cm of crushed stone is enough, so asphalt paths will cost several times less.

Roads in the courtyards of apartment buildings: who should repair them

It is no secret that state and municipal authorities in Russia work extremely slowly, and road surface repairs often drag on for months, or even more. It happens that your request to repair the road, sent to the competent authority, will be completely ignored.

So, first you need to find the entity whose property is the road, the section of which needs repair. If the road is included in the local area, then it belongs to the common shared ownership of the house, i.e. the management company will be responsible for its operation, and therefore repairs (see Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 491).

How is the asphalting of the local area of ​​an apartment building carried out?

How is the asphalting of the local area of ​​an apartment building carried out, who is responsible, what quality should the materials be? These questions worry many residents who are trying to improve their yard and make it better. In this article we will look in detail at how pothole repairs are carried out near a house.

Who pays and repairs?

Just a few years ago, all areas that belonged to an apartment building and the facilities located on them (playground for children, basketball/football field, horizontal bars, etc.) had to be looked after by housing and communal services companies.

However, not so long ago amendments to the Housing Code were adopted that affected. Now all citizens living in the house must finance the process of improving the courtyard area. That is, payment for such work is transferred to the residents. In addition, they must pay for repair services performed by the management company’s specialists, including asphalt paving of the local area.

The first paragraph of the above article states that the material part of the issue related to laying asphalt is resolved by residents. They can form a special fund for this purpose by collecting monthly contributions from the residents of the house. In addition, it is advisable to first submit an official appeal to the director of the management company with a request for help in solving the problem. If there are unallocated financial resources and the necessary road equipment, management company employees will be able to lay asphalt pavement (or pothole repair) on their own.

It is definitely worth concluding an agreement with contractors, clearly recording the details of payment and the conditions for delivery of the finished work.

Nobody forbids residents to follow the procedure or make adjustments. If the services are provided improperly, then you can demand a reduction in fees. In the event of a controversial situation, based on the agreement, it is worth filing statements and complaints to higher authorities (housing inspectorate, prosecutor's office, court).

Which asphalt is best for the yard?

It is worth knowing that different methods of preparing asphalt are used for highways, city roads, alleys, and local areas. For the specific situation discussed in this article, fine-grain material is best suited. This coating will be smooth (safe for children), more even and attractive.

• First, the old canvas is removed and a recess of at least 20 centimeters is made.
• Then a “protective cushion” (about 5 cm) is formed from crushed stone, crushed pieces of old asphalt, gravel;
• How to asphalt the local area? Next comes a layer 15 cm thick, which is compacted tightly with a roller. But to increase durability, it is better to make two layers of 8-10 cm each.

What does asphalt paving work include?

As soon as the management company draws up an estimate and submits it to the residents for consideration, the latter will be able to familiarize themselves with the list of work that will be carried out by the contractors. Here is a list of standard actions that the vast majority of apartment building residents order:

• Laying asphalt around the perimeter of the structure. The width of the canvas is 1 meter, starting from the walls;
• Asphalting areas near entrances (width - about 5 meters);
• Covering parking lots where residents’ personal vehicles are located;
• Improvement of areas for sports and children's entertainment.

Despite the listed values, people can indicate their preferences in the contract, having previously agreed on them with the management company, so that the wishes do not lead to any disruptions in the functioning of engineering systems.

Who should do the asphalting of the local area?

You must contact the management company immediately. Upon request, an internal account will be opened to collect the funds needed to carry out the repairs. The residents themselves must hold a meeting and convey their intentions to all residents of the house, so that everyone is “FOR” and does not oppose the donation of funds.

When the required amount has been collected, representatives of the management company must find a group of specialists who will take on the work and receive payment after the delivery of all objects.

The period should not exceed 7 days. During the first day, the “cushion” is prepared, and in subsequent days, bitumen is laid. That is, it can be completed in 2-3 days if the territory is small and without complex landscape nuances.

Pothole repair of asphalt in the local area is carried out according to a similar scheme.

If controversial issues arise that cannot be resolved through contractual means, then it is worth involving lawyers. Legal professionals will be able to analyze the situation and offer the best solution to the problem. There is a video about this that we recommend watching:

Technology for laying asphalt (road surface)

In the case of asphalt concrete pavement intended for high loads, rollers of 6-10 tons or higher must be used to compact the base and then the asphalt concrete. For smaller loads, rollers of 2-4 tons are sufficient. It should be remembered that in modern rollers the vibration function significantly increases the compaction ability (about 3-4 times!). Vibrating plates and vibrating rammers can also be used for compaction in hard-to-reach places. To improve the quality of compaction, the base should be moistened. At large facilities, watering machines are used for this.

So, it all starts with marking or breaking down the territory - you need to determine where the asphalt will lie, where the curbs will be, where and how the drainage and collection of rainwater will be arranged. It is also necessary to determine the composition of the asphalt concrete pavement from the very beginning. Depending on the upcoming operating mode, the thickness of the crushed stone base and the number of asphalt layers are selected. If only pedestrian loads and occasional passenger traffic (sidewalks, courtyards, parking lots) are expected in the landscaped area, then you can limit yourself to a crushed stone base with a thickness of 10–15 cm and one layer of asphalt 4–5 cm. If the traffic movement is systematic and even possible movement of heavy trucks (road sections, gas stations, industrial areas), then the crushed stone base should be 25 - 35 cm, asphalt 2 - 3 layers.

What thickness of asphalt should be in the yard

Next, the base is prepared, for which crushed stone corresponding to the thickness of the layer is used (for a layer of 10-15 cm, for example, crushed stone of a 20-40mm fraction is used). When preparing a fairly serious base, a multi-layer laying method is used - the bottom layer is laid with crushed stone of a fraction of 40-70 mm, the top layer is laid with smaller ones, for the correct and uniform distribution of loads over the entire base. For the third layer, fine crushed stone, fractions 5-20 mm, is used. Each layer must be thoroughly compacted with an asphalt roller, running it over each area 5-6 times.

The asphalt laying technology also involves the use of various rollers - for pavements designed for high loads, rollers weighing 6-10 tons are used; for pavements with lower endurance requirements, a roller weighing 2-4 tons is sufficient. Also, do not forget about modern rollers equipped with a vibration function, which increases compaction efficiency several times.

06 Aug 2021 consurist 7734

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