Without a car in the modern world it is difficult. Especially for those who live in a suburban area or spend a lot of time there. Change of several modes of transport, early rise, nervous costs. All this is easy to avoid when you have your own four wheels. It is clear that they also need their own house. You need to clearly know how far the garage can be from a residential building. Moreover, even at the stage when both are in the form of drawings.
Some terminology
Before you begin certain actions related to the construction of a garage, you need to understand what rights the developer has at the site of the proposed construction:
- the land plot may be owned by the developer;
- it can be used on the basis of a rental agreement;
- the land can go to the developer on the basis of the right to use it indefinitely for its intended purpose;
- There is the option of hereditary ownership of land and its limited use.
The developer must understand that in order to complete documents for construction work, it may be necessary to transfer a plot of land from one category to another.
Which garages will require a permit?
Article 51 of the Town Planning Code defines the concept of a building permit. The same document defines the following: permission to build a garage is not required if it is to be built on a plot of land that has been transferred to a citizen for purposes unrelated to business activities.
In addition, permission is not required if it is carried out on a garden plot.
Construction of a garage on a foundation
A building permit will be required if it is planned to build a permanent garage on a plot of land that belongs to an individual. A garage is considered capital if construction requires the construction of a foundation and connection to existing utilities.
Before starting work, the developer is required to submit the following documents to local authorities:
- a document confirming ownership of a plot of land;
- general plan of the territory where the development will take place;
- building plan indicating the location of the garage, its size, indicating the distance from the garage to the neighboring property.
Scheme of land plot organization
Documents must be reviewed within 10 working days, after which the applicant will receive a decision.
The local administration may make a negative decision on issuing a permit for the construction of a garage in the following cases:
- if the submitted documents incorrectly indicate the area of the future building;
- if there is a discrepancy between the actual and declared size of the garage;
- if the structure being constructed does not meet the urban planning requirements for the plot of land.
In all other cases, including the construction of a garage on the territory adjacent to a multi-story building, permission will be required.
Some subtleties of the issue
Is it possible to build a car garage on an area bordering a road?
The requirements should not be violated. A car garage built on the border with the roadway may cause disputes from neighbors. They can prove that the structure would prevent a fire truck from turning around to approach them. The court will order the dismantling of such a building.
This is interesting: What to do if a plot of land crosses the border of a municipal entity
Possibility of erecting a box on the border with the alley
According to the Code of Rules 42.13330.2011, any auxiliary outbuilding (including a car garage) located in the local area must be located from the border of the site, maintaining a distance of 1 meter. The joint venture allows outbuildings on neighboring territory only with the consent of the neighbors. Otherwise, the court will make a decision to demolish the building if the owner does not move it 1 meter from the border of the UZ.
If the owner of a nearby house has violated the requirement, they file a statement with the fire department outlining their claims. Be sure to make a reference to the Federal Law “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” No. 123 of July 22, 2008.
Rules for constructing a garage on the site
Required distance for building a garage on the site.
When choosing a place to build a garage, the developer can be guided by several simple rules, for example:
- It is advisable to build the garage closer to the gate leading to the yard. In this case, it makes sense to leave free space in front of the building for opening and closing the gates. If we are talking about a swing gate structure, then this distance should be 4 - 5 m. If a sliding structure is used on the site, then this distance can be significantly reduced.
- The road from the gate to the site to the garage should not have turns, which will make the life of the motorist easier when performing various maneuvers.
- When choosing a location for a garage, you should place it in such a way that no utilities pass underneath it.
- It is not advisable to place a garage on a low part of the land. Otherwise, water will flow towards it. This can lead to flooding and damp accumulation.
Construction documents
A permit to build a garage is a document that confirms that all documentation provided meets the requirements of the land plan. Based on this document, the developer has the right to carry out the construction of a capital facility, in this case, a garage.
To obtain permission to build a garage, the developer must have in hand a garage project that meets all the requirements of regulatory documentation.
Garage plan with utility room
To obtain official construction permission, the car owner must provide the following materials to the local municipality:
- copies of documents that confirm that the land plot on which development is planned is used legally. This could be a certificate of ownership, a lease agreement, etc.;
- site plan indicating the buildings that are already on it. This document should reflect the current state of affairs;
- a site plan that should show the condition after the construction of the garage building;
- application for a building permit.
Rules for constructing a garage near apartment buildings
Many car owners cherish the dream of having a car home in the courtyard of a multi-storey building, but it should be noted right away that this is a rather complex issue and its solution in a positive direction is unlikely. Nevertheless, such a possibility exists.
Before starting construction, it is necessary to obtain the consent of the owner of the local area and determine the location of the building. Places where sports and children's playgrounds are located are not suitable for construction.
Data on the owner of the local area should be in the Municipal Property Department, and documentation on the house and the area around it should be in the local administration.
If the plot of land that interests the developer is owned by the residents of the house, then in order to obtain a building permit, it is necessary to have in hand a decision of the general meeting of residents, which records consent to construction within the local area.
If the specified land is under the jurisdiction of municipal, regional or federal authorities, then to obtain such permission you must contact the address of their location.
When obtaining a building permit within the local area, the developer must order the appropriate project and have it agreed upon with all interested parties. After obtaining permission, you need to find a construction organization and conclude an agreement with it to carry out the work.
Self-construction is not always advisable. In this case, difficulties may arise with putting the constructed building into operation.
Thus, in order to obtain permits for the construction of a garage in the courtyard of a multi-story building, you must have the following list of documentation on hand:
- Consent of the owner of the land plot.
- Garage construction project.
- Contract for construction work.
Garage construction scheme
It should be noted that this list is subject to change in accordance with local legal requirements.
When building in the courtyard of an apartment building, the developer must comply with the following rules:
the distance from the garage to the residential building must be at least 10 meters;
the same distance must be maintained if the garage is installed near a public building;
a building of this type must be at least 15 m away from child care institutions, and 25 m away from medical institutions;
Established distances from buildings to garages
When constructing this building, the developer must comply with the requirements of SanPiN 2.07.01-89 (section 6) and SNiP 21-01-97.
What distance should be between the house and the garage
Fire requirements for preventing the spread of fire in the event of a fire are 5, at least 3 meters between buildings, which may also stand on an adjacent site.
At what distance can a garage be built from a neighboring house in this case? All 6 meters. Therefore, the distances between the garage and the house are measured with a tape measure from the base very accurately, so that there are no grounds for a lawsuit and demolition of the building.
about a foam block foundation for a garage - here. And how to fill a strip foundation with your own hands.
Distance from the garage to the house, fence and other garage for comfort on the site
Do I need a building permit? To build a garage on an individual housing construction site, a permit is not required. Standards for constructing a garage on the site Attention But this option can only be implemented if a number of rules are followed:
- There should be a fire shield nearby and a fire extinguisher installed;
- electrical wiring is laid inside a metal cable channel, and the project itself is made in accordance with PTEEP;
- electricity is metered, which means it is necessary to connect wires through a meter at the entrance of a residential building, and this measure will also avoid unauthorized installation of electrical appliances;
- heating is not provided;
- Safety is ensured by automatic fuses.
According to SP42.13330.2011 clause 7.1. the distance from the residential building (from the windows) to the garage on the adjacent site must be at least 6 m.
Distance between house and garage
Attention: If the neighbors sell the plot, a conflict may arise with the new owners. At the same time, the statute of limitations for the claim is 3 years, and if no problems arose during this time, then the construction can be considered legal.
Placement in the basement A garage can be built not only as a separate building or an extension to the house, but also in the basement of the house itself.
According to SNiPs, the ground floor is recessed into the ground by no more than half the design height of the room, and the upper part of the floor is located above the ground surface by no more than 2 m.
As for the installation of a garage in the basement, SNiPs recommend sealing its floors and walls so that exhaust gases and odors do not penetrate into living spaces. For this purpose, various insulating compounds are used. It is also necessary to make separate duct ventilation. In the basement, special attention must be paid to waterproofing.
FAQ distances. from the garage to the house, to the boundaries of the site, etc.
Their placement is regulated by SNiPs and other standards. Where can you build a garage on a plot and what are the standards for constructing a garage from a fence and other buildings? Do I need a building permit? To build a garage on an individual housing construction site, a permit is not required.
Standards for building a garage on the site
It also depends on what materials the buildings are made of. All measurements are taken from the protruding base of the building, and if there is none, then from the wall.
If the roof protrudes more than 50 cm, then measure the distance from its projection to the ground. The following placement standards are prescribed in SNiP 2.07.01-89.
According to the norms of individual housing construction, the garage is classified as an outbuilding, therefore it is subject to restrictions associated with them.
- The distance to buildings on the neighboring site cannot be less than 6 m.
Minimum distance between house and garage on one site
- Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Article 51, paragraphs 1 and 17), which states that there are no legal requirements for a special permit for the construction of a garage on a personal plot.
Source: https://fundsnet.ru/kakoe-rasstoyanie-dolzhno-byt-mezhdu-domom-i-garazhom/
Fire requirements for the construction of a garage on a site and on the territory of an apartment building
Fire safety rules are regulated in SanPiN 21-01-97.
All garage buildings without exception are subject to Fire Safety Regulations. It should be noted that the PPB for private, cooperative and detached buildings may differ slightly from each other.
Norms and rules for ensuring safety in garages
In accordance with document PPB-01-03, garages are classified as premises of the 1st fire resistance category. Requirements for buildings of this type should prevent the occurrence of dangerous situations, help contain open flames and provide measures for extinguishing a fire.
Features of the neighborhood with wooden buildings
The proximity to a farmstead where a wooden residential building is built increases the mandatory distance to 15 m. At the same time, the right to agree with the owner on reducing this distance is retained. Consent is drawn up in writing and certified by a notary.
The same procedure for neighbors to resolve the issue applies to brick buildings, if it is necessary to build a room for a car at a distance of less than 6 m. A prerequisite for receiving a positive answer from a neighbor is to ensure sufficient fire safety measures.
Small building
To do this you need:
- install an external shield with recommended fire-fighting accessories;
- place a fire extinguisher in the room;
- ensure that the room is not heated;
- place the electrical power supply distribution panel outside the building;
- equip the electrical panel with an automatic load switch;
- trace the wires in a protective metal sleeve;
- equip lighting devices with factory shades.
Arranging the area around the garage
The territory of a garage built near an apartment building
Quite often, owners of garages located in the courtyards of apartment buildings carry out work to fencing their buildings, for example, installing fences.
In fact, if the garage is properly registered, then only the land located under it belongs to the owner's property. The rest of the land is the property of the residents of the house and the municipality. Any actions on it can be perceived as squatting.
Nevertheless, the owner of this building has the right to carry out some measures to improve the area adjacent to the garage. For example, the owner has the power to carry out landscaping measures: the soil at some distance from the walls can be sown with lawn grass or shrubs can be planted, which over time will camouflage the building.
Of course, it is unacceptable to litter the area around the building. If an involuntary spill of fuel or oil occurs, it is necessary to take measures to eliminate it - cover the ground with sawdust or sand, wait a while until the spilled liquid is absorbed and remove the poured layer.
To enter a garage, as a rule, a ramp is created along which a car can safely enter or leave the garage at any time of the year. Concrete is used for its construction.
Ramp at the entrance to the garage
Territory of the garage built on the site
The final stage of constructing a garage building on a site is landscaping the area around it. This is what determines how comfortable it will be to use the garage, especially in bad weather. To solve this problem, the optimal solution is to create all-weather paths.
Such paths will not only provide access to the garage in any weather, but also access. To construct a path system, you can use a material such as soil cement.
Soil cement paths
The composition of this material includes water, soil, cement. Moreover, the cement content is only 10–12%. Compared to traditional concrete, cement consumption is two times lower. Since there is no need to purchase soil, the price of such material will be several times lower than concrete.
It should be noted that the strength properties of soil cement are lower than those of concrete, but they are quite sufficient for moving residents and cars.
The color of this material differs little from the color of the soil, and such a coating will not have any effect on the appearance of the site.
Recommendations for selecting a construction site
We figured out at what distance from the fence to build a garage, but in order to make it less of an issue when coordinating documents with the architecture of the local administration, it is important to plan the construction of a capital box taking into account the following nuances:
If the building is placed inside a courtyard area, then the entry of a car should not be accompanied by additional maneuverability.- There should be plenty of space on the inside of the entrance gate to lock garages.
- If the driveway is adjacent to a street, it must be designed to provide sufficient visibility for the exiting vehicle to maneuver safely.
- Opening the gate should not create problems for pedestrians and cars.
- The building should not block light access to the neighbor’s garden if it contains low-growing tree varieties.
- Water drainage from the roof must be directed to the territory of your site, both from the roof and along the ground using a ditch.
- It is also important to plant trees in accordance with SNiP.
- If you decide to build garages adjacent to the house or allocate a basement for it, then it is important to comply with all fire safety measures. They concern the equipment of the building with a hood, fire prevention equipment, and also a smoke alarm.
If the garage in a private house is in the basement, then fire safety rules allow you to park and store vehicles that run on gasoline.
About garage dimensions
When designing, it is necessary to provide for the internal dimensions of the garage, which provide minimally comfortable and safe use. They are:
- On both sides of the car - 0.8 meters.
- If there are columns of at least 0.6 meters.
- From the side of the car hood and trunk - no less than 0.7 meters.
- With a large parking lot, when parking cars one behind the other, 0.6 meters.
- If parallel parking of two cars is provided, then to standard dimensions it is necessary to add 1.6 meters in width and 1.4 meters in length.
Now about the ceilings. According to SNiP standards, the ceiling height is taken to be the distance from the surface of the floor covering to the maximum protruding lighting device or communication element. The safety gap to the machine cannot be less than 20 cm. If you follow the recommendations, you can not only comfortably use the room for its intended purpose, but also in critical situations. For example, in the event of a fire, this makes it possible to evacuate and stop the spread of fire.
