Landscaping of courtyards of apartment buildings and adjacent areas

Slight confusion of concepts and regulatory framework

After the construction (or reconstruction) of housing is completed, it is the turn of the surrounding space. The number of owners trying to create beds from fence to gate is decreasing every year. Increasingly, landowners are trying to combine practicality and beauty, and therefore, when they talk about improving the area around their house, they mean landscape design.

Meanwhile, the legislation uses the concept of local area, which differs from everyday life. Initially it referred to apartment buildings; I meant the area adjacent to the house. There is no clear definition in the documents, but the home territory means the land plot necessary for servicing the property.

The area of the local area for multi-apartment and individual buildings is determined according to different rules, but for private housing the procedure seems simplified. The site plan indicates the area owned; in this case, the adjacent territory is considered to be a strip of land 1.5 m wide outside the fence.

Land Code of the Russian Federation Source tverbti.ru

This land may be the property of the owner, and then it is included in the cadastral passport of the land plot. Otherwise, it is considered the property of municipal services. Depending on the accessory, responsibilities for care and operation are divided.

What is included in landscaping the local area?

SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises. Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Standards" according to which cleaning of the territory must be carried out daily, including in the warm season - watering the territory, in winter - de-icing measures (removal, sprinkling with sand, de-icing reagents, etc.).

Currently, the organization of management of an apartment building is carried out by a management company or a homeowners' association (HOA). These organizations must ensure that collections for solid household waste are installed in the serviced territory, and in non-sewered buildings they must also have collections (cesspools) for liquid waste; in addition, they organize timely cleaning of the territory and systematic monitoring of its sanitary condition , and also organize waste removal and control over the implementation of the waste disposal schedule.

According to section 2.2. SanPiN 42-128-4690-88 “Sanitary rules for the maintenance of territories of populated areas” during temporary storage of waste in yard collections, the possibility of their rotting and decomposition must be excluded. Therefore, the shelf life in the cold season (at a temperature of -5 degrees and below) should be no more than three days, in warm times (at above-zero temperatures - above +5 degrees) no more than one day (daily removal). To collect solid household waste, standard metal containers should be used in comfortable housing stock.

Among other things, the organization servicing a residential building is obliged to install trash cans that correspond to the model approved by the local government on the territory of each household. Bins should be cleared of waste during the day as needed, but at least once a day, and washed periodically during morning cleaning. The urn should be painted at least once a year.

These activities can be carried out on their own by the management company or the HOA. In addition, such organizations can enter into an agreement with contractors for maintenance of the local area.

If you believe that your local area is not being properly maintained or the area is not being cleaned at all, you should contact the organization that manages your home with a request to carry out the necessary work.

When the adjacent territory is registered in the name of the owner of the house

A full list of rights and obligations of land owners, including in relation to the local area, is prescribed in the Land Code. If the plot outside the fence belongs to the owner of the house, then the improvement of the local area falls almost entirely on his shoulders. Responsibilities include the following types of work:

Timely cleaning.

This is a key responsibility of land owners or occupiers in the private sector. They are responsible for removing debris and snow and installing a garbage container.

Roads are not included in the list - they are always on the balance sheet of public utilities (the municipality). It is possible to delegate cleaning responsibilities to the management company.

Where does the area of responsibility end Source kpcdn.net

Maintaining an aesthetic appearance.

It is understood that landscaping and vegetation maintenance is carried out by the owners. Usually, owners willingly plant trees, bushes and flowers, trying to make the site beautiful and useful.

If you need to cut down dry branches, you can contact the management company. If the local area is not privatized, municipal services take care of the maintenance and landscaping themselves.

Lighting of the local area.

Lighting outside the perimeter is provided by the owner; municipal services are not involved.

Security.

The owners provide free access for emergency services, and also monitor the normal operation of communications.

What is the local area of an apartment building?

The local area includes a plot of land assigned to a specific property. If for a private house, this is an area of land purchased from the state, which completely belongs to the owner, and he does not need to coordinate with the owners of neighboring houses the desire to install a garage or plant potatoes and flowers in the garden. In the case of apartment buildings, there are much more requirements for approval - these include urban planning, social, fire safety, and hygiene.

As for the adjacent area of the MKD - according to Art. 16 of the Law “On the Enactment of the Housing Code”, the part that is supposedly owned by the owner on the basis of shared ownership is an inseparable part of the entire land plot and cannot be transferred or sold for individual use. The size of the land plot for which you will now be responsible is an area of land equal to the share of the occupied apartment from the area of the entire house. However, there are also nuances here - in the case of the commissioning of apartment buildings before 2005, the houses do not have privatized land areas and, accordingly, cadastral numbers. The municipality disposes of them according to the law.

When the owner is a municipal service

If the land outside the perimeter does not belong to the owner of a private house, it is managed by structural units of the municipal service; their rights are also spelled out in the land code. The home owner must understand that in this case the services have the right to take the following actions:

Carry out landscaping and landscaping at your own discretion.

Around the house Source rixot.ru

Ensure order and security with the right to install video surveillance.
Take care of lighting, install functional or decorative lamps.
Remove debris, leaves, snow; cut down branches that are dangerous for communications.
Asphalt the roadway.

How to landscape a yard

The site maintenance conditions include mandatory and recommended measures. If taking out garbage, preventing bushes from growing and cutting down dry branches is a duty, then the following work on arranging the local area is carried out at the discretion of the owners:

Landscape changes: leveling the territory, or, conversely, organizing the relief.
Planting fruit and ornamental plants.
Laying out the lawn and flower beds.
Taking care of soil quality, timely cultivation and fertilization.
Arrangement of the fence, possibly replacing part of it with a hedge made of deciduous shrubs or coniferous trees.

Reasonable approach Source artumstudio.ru

Arrangement of a recreation area (depending on preferences - gazebo, barbecue area, bathhouse).
Construction of a children's playground or sports ground, swimming pool.
Construction of a decorative pond.
Small landscape works: fountain, alpine slide.

The owner can arrange the private area as he sees fit. Within the framework of the land plot, any transformations and projects necessary for a comfortable life are possible. It is important that all actions do not go beyond the standards established by law and do not lead to a change in the purpose of the site.

See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in landscape work of any complexity

Project for landscaping the local area: in search of solutions to landscaping problems

Sometimes landscaping work in adjacent areas is carried out at the expense of apartment owners. It is rarely possible to achieve a decent result with your own efforts, since it is not enough to plant trees and create flower beds - all landscaping objects require constant and regular care. They require timely watering, loosening the soil, thinning the plantings, monitoring the formation of the crown and the condition of the plants, fertilizing, protection from pests, preparation for winter, etc.

A practical solution would be to conclude an agreement with one of the organizations involved in landscaping local areas and having specialists on staff with experience in implementing urban projects. Ficus Phytodesign Bureau has been providing services for landscaping courtyards of apartment buildings for more than 10 years. The company has modern equipment and agreements with reliable plant suppliers. Our team consists of 50 professionals: designers, logisticians, biologists and phytopathologists with many years of practical experience, knowledge of current trends in landscape design and all current regulations, with a creative approach and ready-made comprehensive solutions for various tasks. In less than a week, we can qualitatively landscape 50 thousand square meters and serve more than 35 thousand plants simultaneously as part of municipal and private orders.

We offer services:

design taking into account the general plan of the city and the existing terrain;
creating a layout plan for landscaping;
selection, taking into account the characteristics of the urban climate and architecture, of plant species adapted and resistant to certain anthropogenic factors;
laying out flower beds, creating lawns, planting bushes, tree seedlings and large trees;
vertical and roof gardening and creating hedges;
planting plants taking into account a certain color scheme;
creating the effect of continuous flowering of flower beds;
organization of watering and drainage;
saving wilting plants and replenishing lost ones;
care of the landscaping object.

Cooperation with the Ficus Bureau provides thoughtful and practical solutions for landscaping residential buildings with subsequent plant care, thanks to which it is possible to reduce the noise level of city streets, protect residents from the negative effects of exhaust gases and increase the aesthetic perception of the local area.

Nuances of yard layout

Designing a yard in a private house will require a lot of effort and time. To prevent resources from being wasted, it is useful to make a draft of future transformations before starting work. Most people plan their plot without involving landscape design specialists.

The classic layout involves dividing the site into zones. At the same time, housing accounts for about 10% of the area, a vegetable garden – 17%, an orchard – up to 40%, and berry crops – up to 20%. The remaining 13% is distributed among outbuildings, flowers, ornamental shrubs and lawns.

Thought out to the smallest detail Source corner.com.ua

In practice, the proportions depend on the tastes and preferences of the owners, and can be flexibly shifted in any direction. Planning is a responsible matter, therefore, in order not to miss and avoid a critical mistake, it is useful to use the following recommendations:

When drawing up a project, take into account the wishes of household members, the needs of pets and the likelihood of receiving guests.
Information from the Internet will be a useful help, where you can always get some useful ideas. There are plenty of thematic resources on the Internet with ready-made projects, video tutorials, photo reports and advice from professionals.
There is no need to waste time and resources and level the area if there are no obvious differences in elevation. It is much more productive to use a small depression or slope to create a garden. A site with a non-standard landscape looks attractive; the main thing is to strengthen the slope and install a drainage system where necessary.
The design of the yard should correspond to the style of the residential building. Only in this case will it be possible to avoid dissonance, and the overall impression will not be spoiled.

Elevation difference is not a hindrance Source amazonaws.com

Landscaping and SNiP requirements

There are no special GOSTs for creating landscape design in the local area. However, when engaged in landscaping, owners are forced to limit their imagination to the sanitary and hygienic recommendations prescribed in the SNiP rules. To avoid misunderstandings with neighbors and soil and soil pollution, the private sector has to regulate basic construction standards. When planning the local area, the following standards are taken into account:

The permissible distance between neighbors' houses and outbuildings, taking into account the fire resistance category of the buildings.
The distance between buildings and the fence, as well as the type of fence.
Layout of the yard if a septic tank and drainage field are installed.
Minimum distances between a house, a well, a toilet, a compost bin, a bathhouse, and buildings for farm animals and poultry.
The location for the pool and pond is chosen in the high part of the site.
Location of trees.
Placement of engineering systems.

First there was a plan Source pinimg.com

Who pays

Residents pay for landscaping work in courtyard areas of apartment buildings, whether they own residential property or just rent it. Of course, you can improve the yard with your own hands if there are activists who want to do small construction and other necessary work. In practice, this does not happen very often. Also, such activities can be carried out at the expense of public funds, if this is an ongoing federal improvement program.

Repairs to the local area of an apartment building are also carried out at the expense of the residents. Repairs are considered current:

damaged sections of the road, that is, partial asphalting or another method;
fence and other enclosing structures;
children's facilities;
sports designs.

The overhaul includes:

paving;
landscaping;
installation of fences and buildings;
equipping utility areas, children's and sports areas.

Landscaping: what to pay attention to

You should not immediately strive for large-scale changes and invest serious funds in transforming the landscape. Gradual, step by step, improvement allows you to leisurely evaluate the result and make amendments to the original plan. For small and medium-sized plots it is better to use the simplest ideas; they are easier to change and modify.

Yard landscaping

Landscaping is one of the most effective ways to make a site attractive. The main rule for landscaping a yard using plants is to use only those species that will thrive in the local climate zone. More delicate plants will need a greenhouse.

When choosing a suitable variety, attention is paid to its needs for heat and light, as well as resistance to drought and frost. To make a successful choice, it is important to know the type and composition of the soil on the site, the amount of moisture by season, the depth of groundwater, and take into account the terrain.

Next to the mini-pond Source rubriek.nl

Video description

About the principles of landscaping in the following video:

Water and landscaping

Full landscaping of a private plot is impossible without a well-thought-out supply of water, so the presence of a water supply system is extremely important. You have to take into account the location of pipes and wells when landscaping, and place a gazebo, pergola or flowerbed so that you don’t have to dismantle them in case of repairs.

Both a lack and an excess of water in the soil are harmful to green spaces.

Due to excess moisture, the foundation of the house is destroyed, mold appears in the basement, and the microclimate in the rooms worsens. The waterlogged soil becomes swampy, the plantings begin to hurt and wither, which has the saddest effect on their appearance. A drainage system, surface (storm) or closed, will help you avoid troubles.

To facilitate and streamline the care of green spaces, manual and automated watering systems are used. Sprinkler and drip systems predominate among irrigation methods. For delicate plants, systems with a choice of jet type are suitable: from soft to dispersed spraying.

Automatic watering Source wixstatic.com

Video description

About landscaping the area around the house in the following video:

Rest zone

According to the method of arrangement, there are separate (gazebo, terrace, patio) and combined places for relaxation. In the latter case, if there is not enough space, they combine, for example, a gazebo with a barbecue area. The zones can be located nearby, then the terrace and the playground can be conveniently separated by a hedge.

A large plot of land allows you to disperse recreation areas throughout the entire territory or collect everything in one place. The playground for children is located so that it is in the field of view of adults. For younger family members, a sandbox is set up, a lawn is sown, and a canopy is installed from the sun and rain. You can’t do without a slide, a swing, or a comfortable bench on a playground.

If the size allows, the recreation area is complemented with a decorative pond or swimming pool; relaxing by the water is one of the most relaxing. If the owners like long evening gatherings, they will need thoughtful lighting. You can get by with functional light sources, or you can decorate a fence, branches of bushes or trees with original lamps, or illuminate the facade of the house. Illumination along the paths will make it safe for owners and guests to move around in the dark.

For romantics Source smi2.net

Briefly about the main thing

The local area usually means the land plot around the house, limited by a fence. The allotment on the outside of the fence with a width of 1.5 m is also considered by law. The improvement of this strip can be carried out by the owners or utility services, depending on property rights.

The list of work on landscaping the local area includes several quite labor-intensive, but necessary tasks. The layout and design of the yard begins with drawing up a detailed plan. It includes different types of objects, including utilities and plants. Landscaping is closely related to the standards prescribed in the SNiP rules. During planning, special attention should be paid to landscaping, recreation areas and water supply problems.

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