major and current repairs of power supply in Moscow

How to carry out major repairs of electrical wiring in a microdistrict

The appeal raises the issue of canceling the court decision and making a new decision in the case. The arguments of the complaint boil down to a violation of the law by the court. Having checked the legality and validity of the decision, based on the arguments set out in the complaint, having heard the objections to the complaint of plaintiffs Kh., B.R., their representative B.G., having examined the case materials, the judicial panel comes to the following. In deciding to partially satisfy the claims of Kh. and B.R., the court came to the conclusion that OJSC “Managing Organization of Apartment Buildings of the Dzerzhinsky District” had improperly fulfilled its obligations for the maintenance of the apartment building, and therefore imposed on the defendant the obligation to carry out repairs in relation to common property of an apartment building. The panel of judges agrees with this conclusion in terms of imposing the responsibility on the management company to carry out routine repairs, and considers it correct in this part, based on the materials of the case and the law - Art. 29 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Protection of Consumer Rights”, Art. Art. 154, 158 Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

As follows from the case materials, the debt owed by plaintiffs Kh. and B.R. before OJSC "Manager of the Dzerzhinsky District" there was no housing maintenance and repair position. Under such circumstances, assigning the management company the responsibility to carry out routine repairs of the common property of the house is justified and complies with the terms of the obligations assumed by the Company under the house management agreement.

Where to start overhauling electrical equipment in an apartment building

When the tip of a screwdriver comes into contact with a live phase wire, current will flow through a resistor, a light bulb, and even through the human body. For humans, it is absolutely safe and imperceptible, but it will cause a neon light bulb to light up. The TI2 indicator is equipped with two probes with insulated handles: one is designed for connection to a grounded part of the installation, the other to a current-carrying part.

This approach is justified by the norms of Section VIII of the Housing Code “Management of Apartment Buildings”: the person managing an apartment building is responsible to the owners of the premises in the apartment building for the provision of all services and (or) performance of work that ensure the proper maintenance of the common property in this building. Since major repairs are an integral part of the proper maintenance of common property in an apartment building, the organization managing the building is responsible for its implementation. Such an organization is a “performer of major repairs”, responsible to the owners of premises in an apartment building for its implementation, and the owners of the premises pay it for the repairs carried out. The organization that manages the house independently decides on the issues of attracting contractors, concluding contracts with them and monitoring their work. Secondly, when forming a capital repair fund in a special account, the owners have the right to independently determine the amount of money that can be spent on major repairs. Unlike the regional operator, property owners are not limited by the maximum cost of work and (or) services for major repairs of common property in apartment buildings, approved by a resolution of the Moscow Government. If there are insufficient funds in a special account, the owners of the premises have the right to establish additional contributions and attract credits (loans) from any organizations and individuals to finance capital repairs, if they make an appropriate decision at the general meeting.

The role of the management company in replacing wiring

Major repairs are carried out using funds received monthly from the residents of the building to the management company. Accordingly, the management company is responsible for competent, professional installation of electrical wiring in the entrance. The frequency of major renovations varies from house to house. The monthly payment for it also varies in different regions (from 1.38 rubles per sq.m. to 15 rubles). If necessary, residents may decide to charge additional fees.

In conclusion, it must be said that replacing wiring in the entrance of an apartment building is a very serious matter that should be performed exclusively by professionals. Pay close attention to this work and monitor compliance with regulations, compliance with standards and selection of personnel for the safety of yourself and your loved ones in the future. All work must comply with existing standards and requirements in order to save residents from worrying about the possible unpleasant consequences of poor installation for many years to come.

Thanks to regional programs, major repairs are carried out in apartment buildings in all cities of our country when the time is right for these events. Replacing electrical wiring is an integral part of the work during a major overhaul of an apartment building. This is not surprising, since the usual service life of electrical wiring is 25 - 30 years, and major home repairs can be carried out much later. In addition, old electrical wiring is much more difficult to withstand the loads of modern electrical appliances used by residents of apartment buildings.

Let's consider the prerequisites for replacing electrical wiring:

Electrical wiring insulation is broken
Frequently knocking out traffic jams
If it is impossible to connect several devices at the same time
If you need to connect equipment that requires high loads
If the light flickers
Sockets spark, etc.

When overhauling electrical wiring , you need to focus on the choice of material. If in Soviet times, aluminum wires showed themselves very convincingly, then at present, preference is given to copper cables, which are able to withstand more severe loads.

Sequence of actions for performing electrical installation work to replace wiring

Providing information to residents of apartment buildings about the date of repair work, as well as about the lack of electricity in the house
Disconnecting the house from electricity
Conducting a conversation and survey of local residents about the placement and relocation of sockets and switches
Carrying out design work to create a plan for the location of apartments in the entrance and the location of electrical appliances in them
Dismantling old electrical wiring
Electrical wiring installation

Responsibility for replacing electrical wiring in an apartment building primarily lies with management companies, housing cooperatives and homeowners' associations. As a rule, management companies enter into contracts with electrical installation organizations that have a license to perform these works. One of such organizations is. Having many years of experience in performing electrical installation work in Moscow and the Moscow region , the organization has proven itself among management companies, homeowners' associations and housing cooperatives from the best side.

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In addition to electrical installation work, the organization carries out electrical measuring work , having at its base an electrical laboratory in Moscow with modern equipment. “Electrozhilremont” also provides assistance in eliminating violations of fire supervision regulations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In order to use the company’s services, leave a request on our website or call us by phone.

A residential building that lacks engineering systems is nothing more than an ordinary empty concrete box, which is in no way intended for normal human life. This is understandable, because a person simply needs heat, water supply, a sewerage system, electricity, ventilation and much more that makes life comfortable in principle.

Let's figure it out: replacing cold water and hot water risers - major or current repairs? And what kind of work generally belongs to this category?

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Major repairs of electrical wiring in an apartment building, what is included

Who did the electrical overhaul of multi-apartment residential buildings? Share your experience on how to correctly (according to standards) and beautifully make a power riser in a panel house (You can’t crawl into existing channels, and you can’t ditch them) This is what competitors are building:

Exposing old insulation;
Use of high power equipment;
The wiring has lost its properties;
Cases of knocking out traffic jams are becoming more frequent;
The light in the entrance flickers or goes out periodically;
Sockets spark when used;
It becomes difficult to use several devices at once.

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The need to replace electrical wiring in the entrance of an apartment building

First of all, this need is due to various reasons. Logically, the main factors can be considered to be the time of use of the wiring and its condition. In turn, the condition may worsen due to the use of powerful equipment, and as a result of a disproportionate load on the wiring. It may begin to melt or spark. In addition, you need to remember that, like any other object and device, the wires that make up the electrical network have a service life. On average 25-30 years. The reasons that indicate that the wiring in the entrance needs to be changed can be reduced to the following list:

Exposing old insulation;
Use of high power equipment;
The wiring has lost its properties;
Cases of knocking out traffic jams are becoming more frequent;
The light in the entrance flickers or goes out periodically;
Sockets spark when used;
It becomes difficult to use several devices at once.

Another important point is the material from which the wires are made. If it is aluminum, then you should think about replacing aluminum wires with copper electrical wires during the next overhaul. Aluminum wires performed well back in the Soviet Union, but new realities and new powerful electrical appliances that could not have been thought of in the USSR (air conditioners, modern heating devices) require the use of copper wires with a larger quadrature. It is also worth paying attention to replacing old sockets with modern “European sockets”, which are designed with grounding. This grounding will guarantee that a short circuit will never occur in the apartment.

Repair of apartment building entrances: procedure and responsibility of the management company

Homeowners can exercise control over repair work. The entrance should be clean. Workers are required to periodically remove construction waste from the entrance during the day, while leaving it in the local area is strictly prohibited. When painting walls and whitewashing ceilings, repair crew workers must cover the entrance doors of apartments with film so as not to stain them. Complaints from residents about non-compliance with these requirements are accepted by the Criminal Code, as well as the State Housing Inspectorate. In addition, the organization responsible for the repair must ensure that the work is completed on time, in accordance with the schedule. A very important point is the delivery of the object. As a rule, it is not possible to pass the work the first time. This is due to the fact that the team will no longer complete any defects discovered after acceptance. Therefore, residents are attentive to this issue.

Housing departments are not for-profit organizations. The formation of their tax base does not include contributions paid upon joining, membership, share contributions, funds donated by anyone, as well as funds received into the organization’s account from HOA members and forming a reserve for repair work, including major repairs ( subparagraph 14, paragraph 1, article 251 of the Tax Code). This applies to organizations that apply both the general and simplified tax systems.

Replacement of electrical wiring in MKD

An important issue when changing electrical networks is the choice of a qualified specialist. You need to understand that if the wiring is installed incorrectly, it can become a threat not only to the residents of one apartment, but also to a large number of people living in the neighborhood. Therefore, in most apartment buildings, all major work is agreed upon by all residents, and a chairman is elected who monitors the implementation of any serious work in the building. The selected specialist(s) must have the necessary skills and abilities, and also have the appropriate electrical equipment.

It is first necessary to inform the residents of the house that repairs will be carried out on a certain date, as well as the absence of electricity at this time;
Then you need to turn off the power to the house;
Then you need to give the keys to the basement to the workers who will repair the electrical wiring;
These workers must conduct a survey of the residents of the house about their preferences in installing sockets, switches, or moving them to another location;
Next comes the most important stage - creating apartment plans for the entrance, plans for the location of electrical appliances;
When all the data has been collected, electricians carry out dismantling and then electrical installation work.

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Choosing an electrician to replace the electrical wiring of an apartment building

Pay very close attention to this point, make sure that the electrician has the appropriate qualifications.

Major repair of electrical wiring of a residential apartment building

Everything is very clumsy, some kind of incomprehensible corrugated pipe wiring in the entrance! For your information, the use of corrugated PVC pipes on the street is prohibited!, only HDPE pipes. It will fall apart in a year, just as plastic clips will fly off after the first wind. Such masters can only be kicked in the face.

This is the problem, I believe from the regulatory documents, and the designer knows where. The organization carried out the installation made the project as convenient for her. In addition, no one canceled the rules of the PUE. The acts will be signed by everyone who needs to be paid, but it’s up to us to live.

Electrical supply of an apartment building

The figure shows the power supply diagram for four entrance houses, powered according to the second reliability category with a backup cable. The supply cables are switched using a reversing switch having positions “1”, “0” and “2”. In position "0" both cables are disconnected. The circuit breakers QF1...QF4 feed the lines that run along the access vertical risers, from which power is supplied to the apartments. General house loads: lighting of staircases, basements, lamps above the entrance doors to the entrances are powered by a separate group containing its own electricity meter.

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With the first category of power supply reliability, a residential building is powered by two cables, just as with the second category. But if a cable or transformer fails, the loads of the entire house are connected to the working cable using an automatic transfer switch (ATS).

Replacing electrical wiring in an apartment during a major renovation

The most effective, but also the dustiest method of gating is using a grinder with a diamond blade. We punch holes for installing sockets and junction boxes using a hammer drill with a concrete bit. There is nothing to do here with the impact drills that are familiar to many. You should not forget about protective equipment: the grinder needs a casing, and the worker needs a respirator to protect the respiratory system. Safety glasses will also come in handy.

It also often happens that some part of the wiring may be hidden in plasterboard structures. This is possible, for example, when installing recessed spotlights. Then the wiring is done in pipes (if the wall material is non-flammable, the pipe can be made of PVC, including corrugated one). Pipes are attached to wall or ceiling surfaces using brackets or clips.

Complaint about poor-quality overhaul of a residential building: where to go, what to write in the application

There is no standardized complaint template. The applicant draws it up in free form, trying to collect as much evidence as possible that the overhaul was carried out poorly. In particular, such evidence may be:

Please pay attention! In accordance with Article 154 of the Housing Code, contributions for major repairs are paid only by apartment owners. Persons living in municipal housing under a social tenancy agreement are exempt from this obligation.

Work included in the overhaul of an apartment building

The next important direction in the field of overhaul work is the restoration of the proper condition of the basements and foundation of an apartment building. For these purposes, the following work can be carried out, financed, among other things, from mandatory regular contributions from apartment owners:

change and repair of access lighting;
replacement and repair of access entrance doors;
work on changing and repairing doors in garbage chambers;
strengthening, restoration, partial replacement of stair steps, repair of the entrance platform, etc.

What electrical measurements are carried out in apartment buildings?

The complex of measurements and tests of electrical equipment of an apartment building includes the following work:

Testing of protective devices: circuit breakers, RCDs, differential switches.
Measuring the resistance of the phase-zero circuit.
Visual inspection and verification of the actual connection diagram for compliance with the approved single-line diagram.
Measuring the insulation resistance of electrical wiring.
Measurement of transition resistance between grounded devices and the grounding conductor.
Measurement of ground loop resistivity.

Electrical wiring diagram in the apartment: electrical wiring for different rooms

The number of devices and cables used simultaneously has changed. If previously it was enough to install one chandelier in the hall, now many people use a lighting system that includes, in addition to the chandelier, spotlights and lighting.

Based on the requirements or wishes of the home owner, the electrician draws up a schematic diagram of the electrical wiring in the apartment. His task is to divide the cables into groups in order to properly distribute the load, think through the control and protection system, and ultimately do everything to guarantee safety and comfort.

Features of current renovation of an apartment building

This is stated in Article 154 of the RF Housing Code. The tariff for it is set by local governments, and the order of implementation is taken from two to five years and varies depending on the type of residential buildings, the condition of the materials of the main structures, their wear and tear and environmental conditions.

Current home repairs are a set of measures taken by responsible organizations within the framework of maintaining the housing stock to maintain its satisfactory condition and eliminate faults that interfere with the comfort and safety of citizens.

Frequency

As mentioned earlier, each engineering system of an apartment building has its own service life. This information is clearly displayed in the technical regulations, which read as follows:

Central heating system - 25 years.
Replacement of hot water supply risers during major repairs - 30 years (if the risers are not galvanized, then 15 years).
Cold water supply risers - 30 years (if the pipes are not galvanized, then 15 years).
Overhaul of the power supply system - 20 years.
Sewerage - 60 years (if the pipes are ceramic or plastic) and 40 years (if the pipes are cast iron).
Roofing - depending on the material. Accordingly, a roof made of slate lasts 30 years, one made of galvanized steel - 15 years, and one made of rolled materials - about 10 years.

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The above figures are the wear and tear of the main engineering systems of the building. Accordingly, capital work must be carried out after this period, including a complete replacement of the structural components of each system.

Overhaul of the electrical supply in the apartment building (what is it eaten with)

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Right. Standing is thicker, etc. VSN 58-88r. 5.6.5. The owner of the housing stock is obliged to modernize and reconstruct the electrical equipment of residential buildings in order to provide the population with the opportunity to use household electrical appliances with a power of up to 4 kW in each apartment with the installation of a protective shutdown. For me, the issue of aesthetics is not in the first place. On the first, will there be a repeated grounding circuit of the ASU of the residential building, a 5-wire riser, an RCD, a DIF at the input of each apartment.

Overhaul of power supply of mkd

According to urban planning, design documentation is required. At least to the extent that drawings and diagrams are needed. At least in the form of a working draft. And moreover, commissioning is needed as a separate section of the estimate documentation. And commissioning is confirmed by a measurement protocol from a licensed laboratory. This is ideal. If it’s reconstruction, then there’s also an examination of the design documentation.

Yes, therefore, even without delving into the regulations, you can say that the project will be required. The issue of approving the project with Rostechnadzor most likely will not arise (most likely), but the issue of examination (state examination) of the project is a very pressing issue, and we need to focus on this.

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The nuances of replacing electrical wiring in an apartment with your own hands

Aluminum is highly susceptible to corrosion; in addition, during operation, the structure of the metal undergoes irreversible changes, the network becomes very fragile. Worn insulation increases the risk of fires due to short circuits .

All work is performed with tools with insulated handles and wearing rubberized gloves . To groove walls at height, it is best to use a sawhorse or a stepladder with a horizontal stop. An ordinary stepladder is not reliable enough.

Do-it-yourself wiring in an apartment: diagrams on how to do the wiring yourself

If, for example, an area is calculated where it is likely that a computer (750 W), a heater (1.5 kW), a table lamp 100 W will work simultaneously, and an electric kettle will be turned on periodically (another 1.75 kW), then we get a total power consumption reaching 4.1 kilowatts at peak load. Substituting this value into the formula, we get a consumption current of 18.6 A.

First. A wire that is too small may not fully cope with its task. It will begin to heat up, which over time will lead to damage to the insulation, failure of contacts on the terminals or in the twists. This is a direct path to a short circuit, that is, the cause of electric shock or fire.

The management company is responsible for the electrical equipment at the entrance

Recently, a fire occurred in Losino-Petrovsky and a person died due to a short circuit in the panel on the staircase. In our entrance to the electrical panels, too, nothing has been changed for a long time except the electric meter, and at the same time the cables for the Internet, telephone, and some other things were being installed. Which organization and at whose expense repairs the electrical wiring in the entrance and changes the switches in the electrical panel on the landing?

Each apartment building has common shared and private property, they explained to us in the information and analytical department of the State Housing Inspectorate of the Moscow Region. According to paragraph 1 of Art. 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the owners of premises in an apartment building, by right of common shared ownership, own electrical, mechanical, sanitary and other equipment located in a given building outside or inside the premises and serving more than one premises. Clause 1 Art. 290 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation confirms the same thing. And in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2021 No. 491 “On approval of the rules for maintaining common property in an apartment building...” explains what is considered the composition of common property. In particular, clause 7 of the rules indicates that the common property in an apartment building includes an in-house power supply system. It includes input cabinets, input distribution devices, protection, monitoring and control equipment, collective (common house) electricity metering devices, floor panels and cabinets, lighting installations for common areas, networks (cables) from the external border to individual, common ( apartment) electrical energy metering devices, as well as other electrical equipment on these networks. Repair and maintenance of the common property of the owners, including the equipment of the in-house power supply system, is provided by the management company, with which a house management agreement has been concluded. The contract must indicate all types of work performed by the management organization at the expense of the monthly payment of owners and tenants of premises in an apartment building for routine repairs and maintenance of common property.

Stages of changing wiring in an apartment building

Like any other process, replacing electrical wiring is carried out in several stages. The main steps are presented below:

It is first necessary to inform the residents of the house that repairs will be carried out on a certain date, as well as the absence of electricity at this time;
Then you need to turn off the power to the house;
Then you need to give the keys to the basement to the workers who will repair the electrical wiring;
These workers must conduct a survey of the residents of the house about their preferences in installing sockets, switches, or moving them to another location;
Next comes the most important stage - creating apartment plans for the entrance, plans for the location of electrical appliances;
When all the data has been collected, electricians carry out dismantling and then electrical installation work.

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Typically, cable installation begins from the lower floors of the house entrance. First of all, the process begins with the installation of lights in the entrance, on the staircases and on the street, after which the wiring begins in the apartments. It is more convenient to work with electrical panels that are installed separately for each apartment; moreover, they are not located in the entrance, and not inside the apartment.